Smart Minds Brain Drain from Developing Nations Case Study of Pakistan

Abstract

Purpose: Due to globalization, there is a rapid change occurring in social, political and economic segments and the demand for skilled force has dramatically increasedall around the globe, particularly in western world. In order to meet constantlyincreasing demand of skilled labor, developed countrieshad launchedcertain immigration policies and offered lucrative compensation packages along with favorableworking environment to attract and retain smart think tanksacross the globe, largely from underdeveloped countries to the developed countries. This paradigm shift of smart brains is constructively contributing towards the growth of developednation’s economy. Further it is worth mentioning that it has a negative influence on the native country of these professional immigrants. The prime purpose of this paper to develop the factors which push the skilled labor to migrate. Design/methodology/approach: Conceptual discussion is used. Findings: The authors identified push and pull factors, such as personal security, immigration programs, decrease in agriculture income, law and order situation of the country, unemployment, decrease compensation incentives. These mentioned factors are considered as an important push factors which motivateskilled labor for a decision to migrate. This paper also discusses the Maslow theory of needs, which also supports the process of migration when individuals fail to acquire their basic needs in their home country. Originality/Value: This paper mainly focuses on push and pulls factors which motivate skill labor to migrate. It also discusses the Maslow need theory which also augments the process of migration.