Credit Rating Determinants for European Countries
Keywords:
credit ratings, default risk, credit risk
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to analyse factors that can affect the European countries' credit ratings. The analysis performed is based on the level of economic development in line with the division proposed by the World Bank. The data used is derived from the World Bank database and the database of Thomson Reuters for the years 2002-2012. The full sample is divided into subsamples due to the level of economic development. Long-and short-term issuer credit ratings given by Standard & Poor's and Moody's Investor Services are used as dependent variables. Ratings are decomposed linearly on numeric variables. As dependent variables I use macroeconomic data such as GDP per capita, real GDP growth, inflation, fiscal deficit, current account balance, external debt to GDP, foreign reserves.
Downloads
- Article PDF
- TEI XML Kaleidoscope (download in zip)* (Beta by AI)
- Lens* NISO JATS XML (Beta by AI)
- HTML Kaleidoscope* (Beta by AI)
- DBK XML Kaleidoscope (download in zip)* (Beta by AI)
- LaTeX pdf Kaleidoscope* (Beta by AI)
- EPUB Kaleidoscope* (Beta by AI)
- MD Kaleidoscope* (Beta by AI)
- FO Kaleidoscope* (Beta by AI)
- BIB Kaleidoscope* (Beta by AI)
- LaTeX Kaleidoscope* (Beta by AI)
How to Cite
References
António Afonso (2003) Understanding the Determinants of Government Debt Ratings: Evidence for the Two Leading Agencies. 27(1). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.300785
António Afonso, Pedro Gomes, Philipp Rother (2011) Short- and long-run determinants of sovereign debt credit ratings. 16(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.416
Manuel Arellano, Stephen Bond (1991) Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations. 58(2), 277. https://doi.org/10.2307/2297968
A. Bathia (2002) Sovereign Credit Ratings Methodology: an Evaluation. 2002(170), 1. https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451858433.001
T. Beck, A. Demirgüç-Kunt, R. Levine (2009) Financial Institutions and Markets Across Countries and over Time: Data and Analysis. 4943.
Emawtee Bissoondoyal-Bheenick (2005) An analysis of the determinants of sovereign ratings. 15(3), 251-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfj.2004.03.004
Emawtee Bissoondoyal-Bheenick, Robert Brooks, Angela Yip (2006) Determinants of sovereign ratings: A comparison of case-based reasoning and ordered probit approaches. 17(1), 136-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfj.2006.06.001
Eduardo Borensztein, Ugo Panizza (2006) The Costs of Sovereign Default.
Robert Brooks, Robert Faff, David Hillier, Joseph Hillier (2004) The national market impact of sovereign rating changes. 28(1), 233-250. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4266(02)00406-5
Richard Cantor, Frank Packer (1996) Determinants and Impact of Sovereign Credit Ratings. 2. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1028774
Cantor R, Packer F (1995) Sovereign Credit Ratings. (1).
Craig Depken, Courtney LaFountain, Roger Butters (2007) Corruption and Creditworthiness: Evidence from Sovereign Credit Ratings. 79-87. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118267073.ch9
M. Elkhoury (2008) Credit Rating Agencies and their potential impact on developing countries.
G. Ferri, L. Liu, J. Stiglitz (1999) The Procyclical Role of Rating Agencies: Evidence from the East Asian Crisis. 28(3), 335-355. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0300.00016
Greene HW (2008) Econometric analysis.
N. Haque, D. Mathieson, N. Mark (1998) The Relative Importance of Political and Economic Variables in Creditworthiness Ratings. 1998(046), 1. https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451846522.001
N. Haque, D. Mathieson, N. Mark (1997) Rating the Raters of Country Credithworthiness.
Nadeem Haque, Manmohan Kumar, Nelson Mark, Donald Mathieson (1996) The Economic Content of Indicators of Developing Country Creditworthiness. 43(4), 688. https://doi.org/10.2307/3867366
Laura Jaramillo, Michelle Tejada (2011) Sovereign Credit Ratings and Spreads in Emerging Markets: Does Investment Grade Matter?. 2011(044), 1. https://doi.org/10.5089/9781455218981.001
McCarthy Jutter (2000) Modelling a Rating Crisis, Sydney, Australia.
B. Monfort, C. Mulder (2000) Using credit ratings for capital requirements on lending to emerging market economies - possible impact of a new Basel accord.
Moody (2013) Moody's Statistical Handbook.
Reisen H, von J (1999) Boom and Bust and Sovereign Ratings. 2.
S&P (2011) Sovereign Government Rating.
D. Teker, A. Pala, O. Kent (2013) Determination of Sovereign Rating: Factor Based Ordered Probit Models for Panel Data Analysis Modelling Framework. (1).
Published
2015-09-21
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2015 Authors and Global Journals Private Limited

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.