@incollection{,
	
					
					
					C224EC10B56B8299CEFA4C3791A56BBC
				,
	author={{IsaacAmpong} and {Chief Supt. FrankAbrokwa}},
	journal={{Global Journal of Management and Business Research}},
	journal={{GJMBR}}2249-45880975-585310.34257/GJMBR,
	address={Cambridge, United States},
	publisher={Global Journals Organisation}2016125
}

@book{b0,
	
	
		,
	title={{Measuring human capital: performance appraisal effectiveness}}
		,
	author={{
			JRAnderson
		}}
		
			,
	year={2002}
			,
	address={Kentucky}
		
		
			University of Kentucky
		
	

}

@book{b1,
	
	
		,
	title={{Managing performance: performance management in action}}
		,
	author={{
			MArmstrong
		} and {
			ABaron
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2005}
			,
	address={London}
		
		
			Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development
		
	

}

@incollection{b2,
	
	
		,
	title={{Participants' reactions to subordinate appraisal of managers: results of a pilot}}
		,
	author={{
			AAsh
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Public Personnel Management}}
		
			23
			
			,
	year={1994}
		
	

}

@incollection{b3,
	
	
		,
	title={{Impact of agency investments in the implementation of performance Appraisal}}
		,
	author={{
			DLBalfour
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Public Personnel Management}}
		
			21
			1
			
			,
	year={1992}
		
	

}

@incollection{b4,
	
	
		,
	title={{Why business academics remain in Australian universities despite deteriorating working conditions and reduced job satisfaction: an intellectual puzzle}}
		,
	author={{
			SBellamy
		} and {
			CMorley
		} and {
			KWatty
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Higher Education Policy & Management}}
		
			25
			1
			
			,
	year={2003}
		
	

}

@book{b5,
	
	
		,
	title={{Performance Appraisal: assessing human behaviour at work}}
		,
	author={{
			HJBernardin
		} and {
			RWBeatty
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={1984}
			,
	publisher={Kent}
			,
	address={Boston}
		
	

}

@incollection{b6,
	
	
		,
	title={{International compensation: learning from how managers respond to variations in local host contexts}}
		,
	author={{
			MBloom
		} and {
			GTMilkovich
		} and {
			AMitra
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Journal of Human Resource Management}}
		
			14
			8
			
			,
	year={2003}
		
	

}

@incollection{b7,
	
	
		,
	title={{Relationships among risk, incentive pay, and organisational performance}}
		,
	author={{
			MBloom
		} and {
			GTMilkovich
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Academy of Management Journal}}
		
			41
			3
			
			,
	year={1998}
		
	

}

@incollection{b8,
	
	
		,
	title={{Expanding the view of performance appraisal by introducing social justice concerns}}
		,
	author={{
			NMBoyd
		} and {
			KKyle
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Administrative Theory & Praxis}}
				
			,
	year={2004}
			26
			
		
	

}

@incollection{b9,
	
	
		,
	title={{Rated to exhaustion? reactions to performance appraisal Processes}}
		,
	author={{
			MBrown
		} and {
			JBenson
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Industrial Relations Journal}}
		
			34
			1
			
			,
	year={2003}
		
	

}

@incollection{b10,
	
	
		,
	title={{Human resource management in the Indian public and private sectors: an empirical comparison}}
		,
	author={{
			PSBudhwar
		} and {
			GBoyne
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Journal of Human Resource Management}}
		
			15
			2
			
			,
	year={2004}
		
	

}

@book{b11,
	
	
		,
	title={{Five steps to a performance evaluation system available on www}}
		,
	author={{
			JCapko
		}}
		
			,
	year={2003. December 2008}
		
	

}

@book{b12,
	
	
		,
	title={{Applied psychology in personnel management}}
		,
	author={{
			WFCascio
		}}
		
			,
	year={1987}
			,
	publisher={Prentice-Hall}
			,
	address={New Jersey}
		
	

}

@book{b13,
	
	
		,
	author={{
			DCCooper
		} and {
			PSSchindler
		}}
		
		,
	title={{Business research methods}}
				New York
		
			,
	publisher={McGraw-Hill}
			,
	year={2001}
		
	
	,
	note={international edition}

}

@incollection{b14,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Civil Service Reform Act and performance appraisal: a research note on federal employee perceptions}}
		,
	author={{
			DMDaley
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Public Personnel Management}}
		
			19
			3
			
			,
	year={1990}
		
	

}

@incollection{b15,
	
	
		,
	title={{Merit-pay enters with a whimper: The initial Federal Civil Service Reform Experience}}
		,
	author={{
			DDaley
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Review of Public Personnel Administration}}
		
			7
			
			,
	year={1987}
		
	

}

@book{b16,
	
	
		,
	title={{Performance appraisal on the line}}
		,
	author={{
			DLDevries
		} and {
			AJMorrison
		} and {
			SLShullman
		} and {
			MLGerlach
		}}
		
		
		
		
			,
	year={1986}
			,
	publisher={John Wiley & Sons}
			,
	address={New York}
		
	

}

@incollection{b17,
	
	
		,
	title={{Student satisfaction: an alternative approach to assessing this important concept}}
		,
	author={{
			KMElliott
		} and {
			DShin
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Higher Education Policy & Management}}
		
			24
			2
			
			,
	year={2002}
		
	

}

@incollection{b18,
	
	
		,
	title={{Appraisal and feedback: making performance review work}}
		,
	author={{
			CFletcher
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{London: Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development}}
				
			,
	year={2004}
		
	
	,
	note={rd ed}

}

@incollection{b19,
	
	
		,
	title={{Performance appraisal and management: The developing research Agenda}}
		,
	author={{
			CFletcher
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Occupational & Organizational Psychology}}
		
			74
			4
			
			,
	year={2001}
		
	

}

@incollection{b20,
	
	
		,
	title={{Performance management, job satisfaction and organisational commitment}}
		,
	author={{
			CFletcher
		} and {
			RWilliams
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{British Journal of Management}}
		
			7
			2
			
			,
	year={1996}
		
	

}

@incollection{b21,
	
	
		,
	title={{Can merit-pay systems avoid creating discord between supervisors and subordinates: another uneasy look at performance appraisal}}
		,
	author={{
			GGabris
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Review of Public Personnel Administration}}
		
			7
			
			,
	year={1986}
		
	

}

@incollection{b22,
	
	
		,
	title={{Measuring student quality variables and the implications for management practices in higher education institutions: an Australian and international student perspective}}
		,
	author={{
			TGatfield
		} and {
			MBarker
		} and {
			PGraham
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Higher Education Policy & Management}}
		
			21
			2
			
			,
	year={1999}
		
	

}

@incollection{b23,
	
	
		,
	title={{Organisational differences in managerial compensation and financial performance}}
		,
	author={{
			Gerhart
		} and {
			GTMilkovich
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Academy of Management Journal}}
		
			33
			4
			
			,
	year={1990}
		
	

}

@incollection{b24,
	
	
		,
	title={{Performance management and appraisal (2 nd ed)}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{CIPD toolkit. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development}}
				Accra; Gillen, T
		
			,
	publisher={Assembly Press}
			,
	year={1995. 2007}
		
		
			Ghana Education Service
		
	
	,
	note={Ghana Education Service Act (1995) Act 506}

}

@incollection{b25,
	
	
		,
	title={{How to link 360 degree feedback and appraisal}}
		,
	author={{
			PGoodge
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{People management}}
		
			11
			2
			
			,
	year={2005}
		
	

}

@incollection{b26,
	
	
		,
	title={{Determinants of perceived fairness of performance evaluation}}
		,
	author={{
			JGreenberg
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Applied Psychology}}
		
			71
			2
			
			,
	year={1986}
		
	

}

@book{b27,
	
	
		,
	title={{Public sector organizations' Public Personnel Management}}
		,
	author={{
			DGrote
		}}
		
			,
	year={2000}
			29
			
		
	

}

@incollection{b28,
	
	
		,
	title={{Performance management: a model and research agenda}}
		,
	author={{
			CHakim
		} and {
			UnwinAllen
		} and {
			DHartog
		} and {
			PBoselie
		} and {
			JPaauwe
		}}
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Applied Psychology, An International Review}}
		
			53
			4
			
			,
	year={1982. 2004}
		
	
	,
	note={Secondary analysis in social research}

}

@incollection{b29,
	
	
		,
	title={{The introduction of university staff appraisal}}
		,
	author={{
			CHaslam
		} and {
			ABryman
		} and {
			AWebb
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Public Money & Management}}
		
			12
			2
			
			,
	year={1992}
		
	

}

@incollection{b30,
	
	
		,
	title={{Beyond pleasure and pain}}
		,
	author={{
			RHeneman
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{American Psychologist}}
		,
	editor={Addison-Wesley Higgins, E. T.}
		
			52
			12
			
			,
	year={1992. 1997}
		
	
	,
	note={Merit Pay}

}

@incollection{b31,
	
	
		,
	title={{Developing a quality management system for a postgraduate education programme: a case study}}
		,
	author={{
			DHouston
		} and {
			MRees
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Higher Education Policy & Management}}
		
			21
			2
			
			,
	year={1999}
		
	

}

@book{b32,
	
	
		,
	title={{Bringing policies to life: the vital role of front line managers in people management, executive briefing}}
		,
	author={{
			Hutchinson
		} and {
			JPurcell
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2003}
			,
	address={London}
		
		
			Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development
		
	

}

@book{b33,
	
	
		,
	title={{A study of the dynamics of institutional support measures to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. A Dissertation submitted to St}}
		,
	author={{
			RNIhenacho
		}}
		
			,
	year={2005}
			,
	publisher={Clements}
		
	

}

@book{b34,
	
	
		,
	title={{University in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Management}}
		
			,
	address={Abuja}
		
		
			St. Clements University
		
	

}

@incollection{b35,
	
	
		,
	title={{Performance reviews that rate an "A}}
		,
	author={{
			TJKrein
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Personnel Journal}}
		
			67
			
			,
	year={1990}
		
	

}

@incollection{b36,
	
	
		,
	title={{Increasing productivity through performance appraisal}}
		,
	author={{
			GLatham
		} and {
			KWexley
		} and {
			Addison-Wesley
		} and {
			EELawler
		} and {
			AMMohrmanJr
		} and {
			SMResnick-West
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Organizational Dynamics}}
		,
	editor={Locher H. A. and Teel, K. S.}
		
			13
			2
			
			,
	year={1981. 1984. 1988}
		
	
	,
	note={Personnel Journal}

}

@incollection{b37,
	
	
		,
	title={{Behind the mask: the politics of employee appraisal}}
		,
	author={{
			COLongenecker
		} and {
			DAGioia
		} and {
			HPSims
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{The Academy of Management Executive}}
		
			1
			3
			
			,
	year={1987}
		
	

}

@incollection{b38,
	
	
		,
	title={{An assessment of managerial/ subordinate perceptions of performance appraisal effectiveness}}
		,
	author={{
			COLongenecker
		} and {
			PRLiverpool
		} and {
			KAWilson
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Business and Psychology}}
		
			2
			4
			
			,
	year={1988}
		
	

}

@incollection{b39,
	
	
		,
	title={{}}
		,
	author={{
			'Perspective
		} and {
			Sam
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Advanced Management Journal}}
		
			14
			
		
	

}

@incollection{b40,
	
	
		,
	title={{Creating effective performance appraisal}}
		,
	author={{
			CLongenecker
		} and {
			LFink
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Industrial Management}}
		
			41
			5
			
			,
	year={1999}
		
	

}

@incollection{b41,
	
	
		,
	title={{Performance appraisal systems, productivity, and motivation: a case Study}}
		,
	author={{
			BGMani
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Public Personnel Management}}
		
			31
			2
			
			,
	year={2002}
		
	

}

@book{b42,
	
	
		,
	title={{Performance appraisals}}
		,
	author={{
			JMargulies
		} and {
			THMurphy
		}}
		
		
		
			,
	year={2004. December 2008}
		
	

}

@book{b43,
	
	
		,
	title={{Organisation-wide broad-based incentives: rational theory and evidence}}
		,
	author={{
			JHMarler
		} and {
			GTMilkovich
		} and {
			YYanadori
		}}
		
		
		
			,
	year={2002}
			,
	publisher={Academy of Management Proceedings}
			
		
	

}

@book{b44,
	
	
		,
	title={{Does research in performance appraisal influence the practice of performance appraisal? regretfully not!' Public Personnel Management}}
		,
	author={{
			BPMaroney
		} and {
			MRBuckely
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={1992}
			21
			
		
	

}

@incollection{b45,
	
	
		,
	title={{A measure of staff perceptions of quality-oriented organisational performance: initial development and internal consistency}}
		,
	author={{
			PMMccarthy
		} and {
			TJKeefe
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Quality Management}}
		
			4
			2
			
			,
	year={1999}
		
	

}

@incollection{b46,
	
	
		,
	title={{Performance appraisal: getting it right}}
		,
	author={{
			JMchale
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{People Management}}
		
			9
			13
			,
	year={2003. 1997}
		
	
	,
	note={McNay, I.}

}

@incollection{b47,
	
	
		,
	title={{Quality management applied to higher Education}}
		,
	author={{
			EGrant
		} and {
			DWidrick
		} and {
			S
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Total Quality Management}}
				
			,
	year={2000}
			11
			
		
		
			Eastern Europe ; Center of Higher Education Management Mergen,
		
	

}

@incollection{b48,
	
	
		,
	title={{Split roles in performance appraisal}}
		,
	author={{
			HHMeyer
		} and {
			EKay
		} and {
			JR PFrench
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Harvard Business Review}}
		
			43
			
			,
	year={1965}
		
	

}

@book{b49,
	
	
		,
	title={{Designing performance appraisal system}}
		,
	author={{
			AMMohrmanJr
		} and {
			SResnick-West
		} and {
			EELawler
		}}
		
		
		
			,
	year={1989}
			,
	publisher={Jossey Bass Inc}
			,
	address={San Francisco}
		
	

}

@book{b50,
	
	
		,
	title={{Has the public sector retained its 'model employer' status?}}
		,
	author={{
			PMorgan
		} and {
			NAllington
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2002}
			,
	publisher={' Public Money & Management}
			22
			
		
	

}

@incollection{b51,
	
	
		,
	title={{Case study on performance appraisal system in the Cyprus Civil Service}}
		,
	author={{
			AMylonas
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Ministry of Finance -Cyprus}}
				
			,
	year={2004}
		
	

}

@incollection{b52,
	
	
		,
	title={{Procedural justice challenges in compensation: eliminating the fairness gap}}
		,
	author={{
			JMNewman
		} and {
			GTMilkovich
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Labor Law Journal}}
		
			41
			8
			
			,
	year={1990}
		
	

}

@incollection{b53,
	
	
		,
	title={{Developing a research culture in a university faculty}}
		,
	author={{
			MPratt
		} and {
			DMargaritis
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Higher Education Policy & Management}}
		
			21
			1
			
			,
	year={1999}
		
	

}

@incollection{b54,
	
	
		,
	title={{Principles of effective performance management}}
		,
	author={{
			HJPratt
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Records Management Quarterly}}
				
			,
	year={1991}
			25
			
		
	

}

@incollection{b55,
	
	
		,
	title={{Barriers to Municipal Government performance appraisal systems: evidence from a survey of Municipal Personnel Administrators}}
		,
	author={{
			GERoberts
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Public Personnel Management}}
		
			23
			
			,
	year={1994}
		
	

}

@book{b56,
	
	
		,
	author={{
			MSaunders
		} and {
			PLewis
		} and {
			AThornhill
		}}
		
		
		,
	title={{Research methods for business students}}
				Harlow
		
			,
	publisher={Pearson Education Limited}
			,
	year={2007}
		
	
	,
	note={Financial Times Management}

}

@incollection{b57,
	
	
		,
	title={{The academic as service provider: is the customer always right?}}
		,
	author={{
			SVScott
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Higher Education Policy & Management}}
		
			21
			2
			
			,
	year={1999}
		
	

}

@incollection{b58,
	
	
		,
	title={{Three futures for university provision: the social justice market, state capitalism and private for-profit universities}}
		,
	author={{
			MSinclair
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Higher Education Policy & Management}}
		
			25
			2
			
			,
	year={2003}
		
	

}

@book{b59,
	
	
		,
	title={{Benefits of performance appraisal available on www}}
		,
	author={{
			Singh
		}}
		
			,
	year={2008. December 2008 Singh (2007. December 2008}
		
	
	,
	note={) (ed) Performance appraisal available on www}

}

@incollection{b60,
	
	
		,
	title={{Current trends in performance appraisal: an examination of managerial practice}}
		,
	author={{
			KSisson
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Personnel management: a comprehensive guide to theory and practice in Britain}}
				,
	editor={
			:London
			Blackwell
			BNSmith
			JSHornsby
			RShirmeyer
		}
		
			,
	year={1994. 1996}
			61
			
		
	
	,
	note={2nd ed.}

}

@incollection{b61,
	
	
		,
	title={{Higher education, commercial criteria and economic incentives}}
		,
	author={{
			FStilwell
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Higher Education Policy & Management}}
		
			25
			1
			
			,
	year={2003}
		
	

}

@incollection{b62,
	
	
		,
	title={{The President's management ''reforms' Theory X Triumphant}}
		,
	author={{
			FThayer
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Public Administration Review}}
		
			38
			
			,
	year={1978}
		
	

}

@incollection{b63,
	
	
		,
	title={{Practical reason and performance appraisal}}
		,
	author={{
			BTownley
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Management Studies}}
		
			36
			3
			
			,
	year={1999}
		
	

}

@incollection{b64,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Institutional logic of performance appraisal}}
		,
	author={{
			BTownley
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Organization Studies}}
		
			18
			2
			
			,
	year={1997}
		
	

}

@book{b65,
	
	
		,
	title={{A comparison of the appraisal systems and appraisal-compensation interlinks used by Estonian public and private universities}}
		,
	author={{
			Türk
		} and {
			T; ARoolaht
		} and {
			CJoanis
		} and {
			KMurphy
		}}
		
		
		
		
			,
	year={2005. 2000}
			,
	address={Tartu}
		
		
			University of Tartu Tznier,
		
	
	,
	note={A comparison of three methods of performance appraisal with regard}

}

@incollection{b66,
	
	
		,
	title={{Total quality management and higher education: the employers' perspective}}
		,
	author={{
			VHVroom
		} and {
			THWillis
		} and {
			AJTaylor
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Total Quality Management}}
				New York
		
			,
	publisher={John Wiley & Sons}
			,
	year={1964. 1999}
			10
			
		
	
	,
	note={Work and motivation}

}

@incollection{b67,
	
	
		,
	title={{The split role of performance appraisal}}
		,
	author={{
			DTWright
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Personnel Administrator}}
		
			30
			5
			
			,
	year={1985}
		
	

}