# I. Introduction he definition of CSR remains a debatable issue to the scholars, academia, businesses, and society. The concept of CSR is promoted for decades and is commonly employed by corporations globally. CSR is a business arrangement that enables the production and distribution of wealth for the betterment of its stakeholders. It is propagated through integration of ethical systems and sustainable management practices. Bangladesh at the age of 48 years after its independence has grown massively in industrialization over the past decade. Giant corporations have already accepted and started implementing the western culture of human resource management among their business. Business organization has the ethical and social responsibility to conduct their activities following the norms and customs of the country where operating. CSR involves many activities like working in partnership with local communities, developing relationships with employees, social work, customer's satisfaction, activities for environmental conservation, and sustainability development (Ismail, 2009). The responsibility of business in society has been argued in economic literature for a long time. CSR means, every business has moral obligation to society for contributing some portion of their profit for social, environmental, and economic advancement. Of late Bangladeshi garment industries have started various types of CSR program to promote business. However, those are basically to earn so-called name and fame for the farm itself. CSR activities in Bangladesh have little effect on to the workers retired life (Ferdousi and Ahmed, 1996). CSR activities are usually confined to only some charity, distribution of clothing, subscription to the education fund, organizing the cultural program, contribution to local clubs, etc. Fortunately, some visible CSR activities are noticed around the country. However, a little is done to ensure the future wellbeing of the workers. Moreover, the debates on the role of the farm in society might be taking place at the micro level as well. In the context of Bangladesh CSR could be opening up questions regarding the concern of work for employees. Maximum workers or employees in garments industries come from underprivileged background, and the literate percentage is very negligible. Poverty alleviation, healthcare, education, charity activates, cultural enrichment, youth development, women empowerment, patronizing sports, and music, etc are common area of interest for local conglomerate. These are external CSR activities. On the other hand employee's benevolent fund, pre-retirement training, child care center, the rehabilitation center for injured workers, loan facilities, etc. are known as internal CSR activities (Masud and Hossain, 2012). The entrepreneurs of garments industries have a psychological believe that CSR activities should and only be done to show off and gain political support. On the other hand, although Bangladesh Garment Manufacturer Association has a moral and ethical responsibility to ensure that the farms always participate in CSR program, but are often observed being neglected. Not much is done to ensure that workers in the garment industries have a secure life even after they retire. Usually, in garment industries, 80 percent labours join for the work without any formal or informal training or education (Ishita Roy, Amit Kumar Sarker and T Swapna Chowdhury, 2017). The worker starts the job at the minimum wages and continues to do so until the next salaries increment session which usually comes as a result of revolt and possessions. There is not much of formal or informal training organized for the workers. The owners earn a handsome amount of profit while the conditions of the poor workers remain as it is. Their total incomes are spent for a daily expense and hardly have any scope to save some money. There are some industries where they even do not have any option of workers benevolent fund. It means that the workers go bare hand on retirement or upon termination. If some portion of the profit could be spending for the wellbeing of workers to secure their future life than workers engagement would have been better and productivity could have a more rising trend. # II. Literature Review Bangladeshi banking sector performs most significant and observed CSR activities. Almost 45% commercial and public bank often carries out CSR program. But mostly external activities are performed by them. Only 15% of banks have the provision of spending money for the wellbeing of their employees. Mostly public banks have the provision of workers benevolent fund and future job security fund (Masud and Hossain, 2012). Alam, Hoque, and Hosen (2010) have studied CSR practice of Grameen Phone Ltd.'s and found that they have given maximum attention to the welfare of their employee and customers. Although they have maximum show off type CSR activities yet they also gave some consideration to internal CSR. Employees are found happy with the effort taken by this multinational company (MNC). Ferdous (2015) have studied four public banks of Bangladesh. He has found that there is an increased trend of spending money by these four state-owned banks. He also mentioned that all these four banks have equal importance to ensure a secure life for their employees. Bangladesh, as a third world state has lots of complications. The government frequently discovers themselves helpless while it approaches the solution of these difficulties. Corporate proprietors of the state are measured as a wealthy unit of the society; therefore they can donate more profoundly in the direction of the improvement. CSR has become a standard of generally legitimate corporate effort, and the acceptance of it is rising gradually (Abdullah et al., 2013). The "Rana Plaza" one of a Dhaka factory collapse in April 2013 becomes the talk of the garment industry around the world. It is not the first time that garment factories hit the news with fatal happenings due to safety violations. In many cases, such catastrophic events open discussion to other problems on the work floor, like negligence of labour rights, abuse, discrimination, and underpayment. The shock about the many deaths or people violated is followed up by a mass critique on brand firms that often source in low wage countries like Bangladesh and India. The growth of global value chains led to calls for a new kind of responsibility. The increased significance of brands and corporate status in increasingly consumption-oriented world made companies more vulnerable to publicity and keener to develop their reputation as 'responsible.' The CSR is just a strategic necessity for public acceptance, and for generating more profits. (Bode, 2013). # III. Research Methodology a) Research Design The research design for this study was a descriptive survey through the questionnaire. The purpose of using descriptive survey was to collect detailed and information that describes present phenomenon. A survey instrument was developed to collect data for the study. The primary data was collected through this form of questionnaire and was hand delivered to the target employees. The questions were filled by the participating employees and were returned. After that, the results were further analysed using descriptive statistical analysis method to find out how the internal CSR activities affect their performance. This study is a descriptive survey because it adopted the use of questionnaire aimed at finding the impact of CSR activities of Garment Industries to reduce vulnerability of workers on employee's security of future life. # b) Target Population A population refers to the aggregate of all cases that conform to some designated set of specifications. The target population was employees with different designation and experience. A total of 98 respondents were chosen, and they were provided with the questionnaire. Their answers were collected as primary data. Afterwards, these data were analysed to get an overall idea regarding the impact of CSR activities of Garment Industries to condense vulnerability of workers retired life. (Table 1) # c) Sampling Design and Size A sample of about 98 people was selected from the target population, based on their designation and experience level. The sampling was done using stratified random sampling method, in which the population is divided into groups based on factors that may influence the effect of CSR activities of Garment Industries to condense workers vulnerability during retired life. The advantages of stratified random sampling include minimizing sample selection bias and ensuring that samples are selected methodically. Out of 98 samples, 55 were female, and 45 were male. Figure 1 shows a pie chart view. This study aims to achieve the following three objectives: 1. To determine the present state of CSR of Bangladesh Garment Industries. 2. To identify the impact of CSR on employee satisfaction. 3. To identify how CSR will safeguard the retired life of employees. # IV. Data Analysis and Interpretation The researchers have used SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Scientists) as a data management and statistical analysis tool which has a very versatile data processing capability. Before analyzing data, the background information on the employees at a different level has been considered in details. It is assumed that it will be helpful to understand the range of area covered. Among the 98 people, 56.12%, i. An effort was taken to collect the information of CSR activities carried out in last three Years. A total of 31 CSR activities were carried out by these 11 Garment industries (see Table 2). Mostly they donate some money to the Prime minister's relief fund, contribution to some local clubs and NGOs that run educational institutions. Few examples of internal CSR are establishment of child care center, a donation to injured workers, yearly picnic, and cultural program for the workers. Pearson's Product Moment Correlation statistical procedure is used to test the nature and the strength of a relationship between effort of internal CSR activities and employee's retirement life benefit. The magnitude and strength of relationship between these two are (r = 0.68; p < 0.05) (See Table 3). This result shows that there is a high correlation between effort taken for internal CSR and security of workers life after retirement. It indicates, the higher the level of CSR activities performed for the workers benefit, the higher was the level of productivity as well. More than 90% respondent opined that their business organization benevolent fund and loan facilities have a direct impact on their retired life. 95% said that a loan facility during their working life would assist them for house building and supply a handsome amount of capital for business. While only 25% agreed that preretirement training would secure their future. A large number of workers at garment industries comes from a poor illiterate family and have less interest in training (Table 4). future life to a great extent. This study is one of a beginner approach of this kind. The researchers hope that prominent and reputed researches will come up in future to study this subject into more details. Limitation in fund, time and scope has affected the researchers to go for more detail study. 1![Figure 1: Male and Female sample participation d) Research ObjectivesThis study aims to achieve the following three objectives:](image-2.png "Figure 1 :") 1FactoryFrequencyNumber of Employees InterviewPalmal Group110NAZ Bd Ltd19Desh Bangla Group110MB Fashion111Royters Garments111Bishash Group18Abdul Monem Ltd110Mir Aktar Ltd111Opex Garments19Yellow Fabrics19Hanif Spinning Mills110Total98 2Factory NameFrequencyNumber of CSR Activates Carried out in last three yearsPalmal Group12NAZ Bd Ltd11Desh Bangla Group14MB Fashion13Royters Garments16Bishash Group12Abdul Monem Ltd14Mir Aktar Ltd13Opex Garments11Yellow Fabrics13Hanif Spinning Mills12Total131 3MeanS. D.rpBenevolent Fund2.88.420.680.00*Saving Scheme3.86.660,460.00*Pre-Retirement Training3.950.640.470.00*Loan Facilities3.41.440.450.00*Career Enhancement Program2.56.480.460.00* 4StatementsStrongly AgreeAgreeUncertain Disagree Strongly DisagreeBenevolent Fund90%3%5%2%0%Saving Scheme56%15%14%10%5%Pre-Retirement Training25%10%10%20%35%Loan Facilities95%0%2%0%3%Career Enhancement Program70%5%13%9%3%V. ConclusionA © 2018 Global Journals * Corporate Social Responsibility Practices in Garments sector of Bangladesh, A Study of Multinational Garments, CSR view in Dhaka EPZ', Developing Country Studies AMAbdullah 2013 3 * Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of MNCs in Bangladesh: A case study on Grameen Phone Ltd SAlam SM SHoque MZHosen Journal of Potuakhali University of Science and Technology 13 2010. 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