@incollection{,
	
					
					
					DFCC3B7F9996B7719D2ACE1C1F9A099C
				,
	author={{Mohd I MAlnajjar} and {American University of Madaba}},
	journal={{Global Journal of Management and Business Research}},
	journal={{GJMBR}}2249-45880975-585310.34257/GJMBR,
	address={Cambridge, United States},
	publisher={Global Journals Organisation}15117
}

@incollection{b0,
	
	
		,
	title={{What determines the capital structure of listed firms in Ghana}}
		,
	author={{
			JAbor
		} and {
			NBiekpe
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{African Finance Journal}}
		
			71
			
			,
	year={2005}
		
	

}

@incollection{b1,
	
	
		,
	title={{How do we explain the capital structure of SMEs in sub-Saharan Africa?: Evidence from Ghana}}
		,
	author={{
			JAbor
		} and {
			NBiekpe
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Economic Studies}}
		
			36
			1
			
			,
	year={2009}
		
	

}

@incollection{b2,
	
	
		,
	title={{Determinants of capital structure for Japanese multinational and domestic corporations}}
		,
	author={{
			SAkhtar
		} and {
			BOliver
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Review of Finance}}
		
			9
			
			,
	year={2009}
		
	

}

@incollection{b3,
	
	
		,
	title={{Determinants of Capital Structure in Jordan Industrial Sector}}
		,
	author={{
			MI MAlnajjar
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Global Journal of Management and Business Research: A Administration and Management}}
		
			14
			2
			,
	year={2014}
		
	

}

@incollection{b4,
	
	
		,
	title={{Risk management, capital structure, and performance: a real options perspective}}
		,
	author={{
			TJAndersen
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Global Business & Economics Anthology}}
				
			,
	year={2005}
			
		
	

}

@incollection{b5,
	
	
		,
	title={{Cross-country determinants of capital structure choice: a survey of European firms}}
		,
	author={{
			FBancel
		} and {
			URMittoo
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Financial Management}}
		
			33
			4
			
			,
	year={2004}
		
	

}

@incollection{b6,
	
	
		,
	title={{The capital structure puzzle: the evidence revisited}}
		,
	author={{
			MJBarclay
		} and {
			CWSmith
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Applied Corporate Finance}}
		
			17
			
			,
	year={2005}
		
	

}

@incollection{b7,
	
	
		,
	title={{Leverage, risk of ruin and the cost of capital}}
		,
	author={{
			NDBaxter
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{The Journal of Finance}}
		
			22
			3
			
			,
	year={1967}
		
	

}

@incollection{b8,
	
	
		,
	title={{Risk exposure and corporate financial policy on the Ghana Stock Exchange}}
		,
	author={{
			GABokpin
		} and {
			AQ QAnthony
		} and {
			AOKofi
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{The Journal of Risk Finance}}
		
			11
			3
			
			,
	year={2010}
		
	

}

@incollection{b9,
	
	
		,
	title={{Stock market development and financing decisions of listed firms in Ghana}}
		,
	author={{
			AGBokpin
		} and {
			ZIsshaq
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{African Journal of Business Management}}
		
			21
			1
			
			,
	year={2008}
		
	

}

@incollection{b10,
	
	
		,
	title={{On the existence of an optimal capital structure: theory and evidence}}
		,
	author={{
			MBradley
		} and {
			G AJarrell
		} and {
			EHKim
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Finance}}
		
			39
			3
			
			,
	year={1984}
		
	

}

@incollection{b11,
	
	
		,
	title={{Determinants of capital structure: evidence from Libya}}
		,
	author={{
			FBuferna
		} and {
			KBangassa
		} and {
			LHodgkinson
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Research Paper Series}}
		
			8
			,
	year={2005}
		
		
			University of Liverpool
		
	

}

@incollection{b12,
	
	
		,
	title={{Joint determination of rate of return and capital structure: An econometric analysis}}
		,
	author={{
			WTCarleton
		} and {
			IHSilberman
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Finance}}
		
			32
			
			,
	year={1977}
		
	

}

@incollection{b13,
	
	
		,
	title={{Bankruptcy risk and optimal capital structure}}
		,
	author={{
			RCastanias
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{The Journal of Finance}}
		
			38
			5
			
			,
	year={1983}
		
	

}

@incollection{b14,
	
	
		,
	title={{Consistency and controversy in corporate financing practices Evidence from an emerging market}}
		,
	author={{
			SR NColombage
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Studies in Economics and Finance}}
		
			24
			1
			
			,
	year={2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b15,
	
	
		,
	title={{Determinants of corporate capital structure: evidence from an emerging economy}}
		,
	author={{
			TIEldomiaty
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Journal of Commerce and Management}}
		
			17
			½
			
			,
	year={2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b16,
	
	
		,
	title={{}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Economics}}
		
			26
			
		
	

}

@book{b17,
	
	
		,
	title={{The theory of finance}}
		,
	author={{
			EFFama
		} and {
			MHMiller
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={1972}
			,
	address={Holt, Rinehart, Winston, New York}
		
	

}

@incollection{b18,
	
	
		,
	title={{Determinants of Financial Structure: A New Methodological Approach}}
		,
	author={{
			MGFerri
		} and {
			HJWesley
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Finance}}
		
			34
			
			,
	year={1979}
		
	

}

@incollection{b19,
	
	
		,
	title={{Taxes, Failure Costs, and Optimal Industry Capital Structure: An Empirical Test}}
		,
	author={{
			DFlath
		} and {
			CRKnoeber
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Finance}}
		
			35
			
			,
	year={1980}
		
	

}

@incollection{b20,
	
	
		,
	title={{An empirical test of the impact of managerial self-interest on corporate capital structures}}
		,
	author={{
			IFriend
		} and {
			LH PLang
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{The Journal of Finance}}
		
			43
			2
			
			,
	year={1988}
		
	

}

@incollection{b21,
	
	
		,
	title={{Debt or equity? How firms in developing countries choose?}}
		,
	author={{
			JGlen
		} and {
			BPinto
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Finance Corporation}}
		
			,
	year={1994}
		
	
	,
	note={IFC Discussion Paper No. 22}

}

@incollection{b22,
	
	
		,
	title={{Comparing capital structures and rates of return in developed and emerging markets}}
		,
	author={{
			JGlen
		} and {
			ASingh
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Emerging Markets Review}}
		
			5
			2
			
			,
	year={2004}
		
	

}

@incollection{b23,
	
	
		,
	title={{The theory and practice of corporate finance: evidence from the field}}
		,
	author={{
			JRGraham
		} and {
			CRHarvey
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Financial Economics}}
		
			60
			
			,
	year={2001}
		
	

}

@incollection{b24,
	
	
		,
	title={{The effects of the firm's capital structure on the systematic risk of common stocks}}
		,
	author={{
			RSHamada
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{The Journal of Finance}}
		
			27
			2
			
			,
	year={1972}
		
	

}

@incollection{b25,
	
	
		,
	title={{The theory of capital structure}}
		,
	author={{
			MHarris
		} and {
			ARaviv
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Finance}}
		
			46
			1
			
			,
	year={1991}
		
	

}

@incollection{b26,
	
	
		,
	title={{Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure}}
		,
	author={{
			MCJensen
		} and {
			WHMeckling
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Financial Economics}}
		
			34
			
			,
	year={1976}
		
	

}

@incollection{b27,
	
	
		,
	title={{An empirical analysis of the determinants of corporate debt ownership structure}}
		,
	author={{
			SAJohnson
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis}}
		
			32
			1
			
			,
	year={1997}
		
	

}

@incollection{b28,
	
	
		,
	title={{Capital structure around the world: the roles of firm and country-specific determinants}}
		,
	author={{
			AJong
		} and {
			RKabir
		} and {
			TTNguyen
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Banking and Finance}}
		
			32
			9
			
			,
	year={2008}
		
	

}

@incollection{b29,
	
	
		,
	title={{The effect of business risk on corporate capital structure: theory and evidence}}
		,
	author={{
			JRKale
		} and {
			THNoe
		} and {
			GGRamirez
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Finance}}
		
			46
			5
			
			,
	year={1991}
		
	

}

@incollection{b30,
	
	
		,
	title={{Evidence on the impact of the agency costs of debt on corporate debt policy}}
		,
	author={{
			WSKim
		} and {
			EHSorensen
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis}}
		
			21
			2
			
			,
	year={1986}
		
	

}

@incollection{b31,
	
	
		,
	title={{Capital structure choice: macro-economic conditions and financial constraints}}
		,
	author={{
			RAKorajczyk
		} and {
			ALevy
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Financial Economics}}
		
			68
			
			,
	year={2003}
		
	

}

@incollection{b32,
	
	
		,
	title={{Leverage, investment and firm growth}}
		,
	author={{
			LLang
		} and {
			EOfex
		} and {
			RMStulz
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Financial Economics}}
		
			40
			
			,
	year={1996}
		
	

}

@incollection{b33,
	
	
		,
	title={{Optimal capital structure, endogenous bankruptcy, and the term structure of credit spread}}
		,
	author={{
			HELeland
		} and {
			KBToft
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Finance}}
		
			51
			3
			
			,
	year={1996}
		
	

}

@incollection{b34,
	
	
		,
	title={{Investment Patterns and Financial Leverage}}
		,
	author={{
			MSLong
		} and {
			I BMalitz
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Corporate Capital Structures in the United States}}
				,
	editor={
			BFriedman
		}
		Chicago
		
			,
	publisher={University of Chicago Press}
			,
	year={1985}
		
	

}

@incollection{b35,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Choice between Equity and Debt: An empirical study}}
		,
	author={{
			PMarsh
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{The Journal of Finance}}
		
			37
			1
			
			,
	year={1982}
		
	

}

@incollection{b36,
	
	
		,
	title={{The cost of capital, corporation finance and the theory of investment}}
		,
	author={{
			FModigliani
		} and {
			MHMiller
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{American Economic Review}}
		
			48
			3
			
			,
	year={1958}
		
	

}

@incollection{b37,
	
	
		,
	title={{Corporate Income Taxes and the Cost of Capital: A correction}}
		,
	author={{
			FModigliani
		} and {
			MHMiller
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{American Economic Review}}
		
			53
			
			,
	year={1963}
		
	

}

@incollection{b38,
	
	
		,
	title={{Corporate financing and investment decisions when firms have information that investors do not have}}
		,
	author={{
			SCMyers
		} and {
			NSMajluf
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Financial Economics}}
		
			13
			
			,
	year={1984}
		
	

}

@book{b39,
	
	
		,
	author={{
			GPeirson
		} and {
			RBird
		} and {
			RBrown
		} and {
			PHoward
		}}
		
		
		
		,
	title={{Business Finance}}
				Sydney
		
			,
	publisher={McGraw-Hill}
			,
	year={1990}
		
	
	,
	note={5th ed.}

}

@incollection{b40,
	
	
		,
	title={{What do we know about capital structure? Some evidence from international data}}
		,
	author={{
			RGRajan
		} and {
			LZingales
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{The Journal of Finance}}
		
			50
			5
			
			,
	year={1995}
		
	

}

@incollection{b41,
	
	
		,
	title={{Industry influence on financial structure}}
		,
	author={{
			DFScott
		} and {
			JDMartin
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Financial Management}}
		
			41
			
			,
	year={1976}
		
	

}

@incollection{b42,
	
	
		,
	title={{The investment opportunity set and corporate financing, dividend and compensation policies}}
		,
	author={{
			CWSmith
		} and {
			RLWatts
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Financial Economics}}
		
			32
			
			,
	year={1992}
		
	

}

@incollection{b43,
	
	
		,
	title={{Capital Structure: Asian firms vs. multinational firms in Asia}}
		,
	author={{
			JSupanvanij
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{The Journal of American Academy of Business}}
		
			10
			
			,
	year={2006}
		
	

}

@incollection{b44,
	
	
		,
	title={{The determinants of capital structure choice}}
		,
	author={{
			STitman
		} and {
			RWessels
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{The Journal of Finance}}
		
			43
			1
			
			,
	year={1988}
		
	

}

@incollection{b45,
	
	
		,
	title={{Managers' Risk Taking Behavior for Adjusting Capital Structure}}
		,
	author={{
			ZUllah
		} and {
			J
		} and {
			MQamar
		} and {
			EUWaheed
		} and {
			U
		}}
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{World Applied Sciences Journal}}
		
			20
			11
			
			,
	year={2012}
		
	

}

@book{b46,
	
	
		,
	author={{
			JCVan Horne
		}}
		,
	title={{Financial Management and Policy}}
				Englewood Cliffs, NJ
		
			,
	publisher={Prentice-Hall}
			,
	year={2002}
		
	
	,
	note={12th ed.}

}

@book{b47,
	
	
		,
	author={{
			KWard
		}}
		,
	title={{Corporate Financial Strategy. Butterworth Heinemann}}
				Oxford
		
			,
	year={1993}
		
	

}