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\title{Understanding the Age Differences in Adopting WFTs: An Extension of the UTAUT2 Model}
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             \author[1]{Mohammad  Alauddin}

             \affil[1]{  University of Chittagong}

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\date{\small \em Received: 1 January 1970 Accepted: 1 January 1970 Published: 1 January 1970}

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\begin{abstract}
        


Though the use of Wearable Fitness Trackers (WFT) is advancing at an unprecedented pace in developed countries, Bangladesh is still fall behind far away to cope with the proliferate features of advanced technologies, whereas age differences play a vital role for technology adoption especially WFT devices in the context of developing countries. Thus, this study, based on the factors used in Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) along with an additional construct ?Health consciousness?, explore the relationship among the endogenous and exogenous variables to develop a clear-foresightedness regarding the WFT adoption in Bangladesh. To achieve this, a survey was employed to collect primary data from 288 WFT users. The data were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method, a statistical analysis technique based upon Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). However, this study explored that hedonic motivation, health consciousness, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, habit as well as performance expectancy (p< 0.05) are the most cardinal factors that have a strong influence on behavioral intention of the users to adopt WFT devices. Moreover, the impact of effort expectancy, habit, health consciousness on intention-to-use of WFT is further multiplied the usage behavior by the virtue of the moderating effect of the age differences. The study, however, revealed social influence and price value are trivial factors working as catalyst behind the acceptance of WFT devices (p > 0.05) Therefore, the findings can guide the WFT marketers and policymakers to make some fruitful decisions for encouraging the usage of WFT devices considerably among the target population.

\end{abstract}


\keywords{WFT, adoption, UTAUT2 model, age, developing countries.}

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\section[{I. Introduction}]{I. Introduction}\par
he vast dissemination of smartphones and wearable devices has facilitated consumers to check, record and convey information about their physical pursuits, such as heart rate, temperature, calories incinerated and time elapsed while they were active physically  {\ref (Talukder, Chiong, Bao, Malik, \& Systems, 2018)}. A topic of global discussion is now centered on the impetuous inundation of technology and the continuous increase in the number of elderly people worldwide  {\ref (Sharit \& Czaja, 2017)}. According to data from World Population Prospects: the 2019 Revision, by 2050, one in six people in the world will be over age 65 (16\%), up from one in 11 in 2019 (9\%) (United Nations, 2021). For instance, world's total elderly population aged 60 and above years is expected to rise by 56\% from 1 billion in 2019 to 2.1 billion in 2050 \hyperref[b118]{(Keating, 2022)}  {\ref (United Nations, 2021)}, where in Bangladesh, the number of older people is projected to stand at 36 million in 2050, with an annual growth of 21.9\% of the nation's total population (Help Age International, 2019), which means that one in every five Bangladeshis will be an older adult. Moreover, 50\% of world's total senior citizen will reside in Bangladesh along with other four Asian countries, namely, China, India, Indonesia and Pakistan together by 2025  {\ref (Chaklader, Haque, \& Kabir, 2003)}. As the number of older adults in the country increases, so does the amount of non-communicable chronic diseases like heart attacks \hyperref[b128]{(Powell, Thompson, Caspersen, \& Kendrick, 1987;}\hyperref[b96]{Waxman, 2004)}, hypertension \hyperref[b96]{(Waxman, 2004)}, stroke (Wendel-Vos et al., 2004), diabetes (Sigal, Kenny, Wasserman, \& Castaneda-Sceppa, 2004; \hyperref[b96]{Waxman, 2004)}, certain cancer \hyperref[b83]{(Slattery et al., 2003;}\hyperref[b96]{Waxman, 2004}) and obesity  {\ref (Hill \& Wyatt, 2005;}\hyperref[b96]{Waxman, 2004)}, but people of all age-group can augment the quality of life by engaging themselves in physical activity. The World Health Organization (World Health Organization, 2010) has echoed that every adult should put their endeavor in moderate-level outdoor activities at least 150 min per week to ameliorate the physical and mental health as well as control the prevalence of chronic diseases. Since one third adults reside in Bangladesh exhibits physical in-activeness  {\ref (Moniruzzaman et al., 2016)}, there is a need for a continuous effort to motivate them for engaging in physical exercise by the help of technologies, which can assist elderly people to change their behavior (Po?ap, Winnicka, Serwata, K?sik, \& Wo?niak, 2018) though the rate of technology adoption by Bangladeshi is very poor  {\ref (Barua \& Barua, 2021}; \hyperref[b14]{Barua et al., 2018;}\hyperref[b75]{Sagib \& Zapan;} {\ref 2014)}. For example, wearable fitness trackers (WFT) are seen as a promising tool for individuals to take responsibility of one's own life and assist to selfmonitor and self-regulate their fitness goals  {\ref (Mercer et al., 2016)}. To achieve this, WFTs are designed to continuous keep tracking of physical activities such as steps walked, miles pedaled or traveled, number of calories intake or consumed, body temperature, heartbeat rate measurement, level of blood sugar, perspiration, sleeping pattern, floors climbed and sweat tablets  {\ref (Chau et al., 2019)}. This is because there has been relatively little research on the influence of age on fitness devices  {\ref (Ehmen et al., 2012)}, although researchers on psychology have brought forward the role of age differences on technology adoption over the 
\section[{II. Literature Review and Research Model}]{II. Literature Review and Research Model}\par
Several models have been used for measuring innovative technology adoption. Models such as the Theory-of-Reasoned-Action (TRA) (Fishbein \&  {\ref Ajzen, 1975)}, Technology-Acceptance-Model (TAM) \hyperref[b23]{(Davis, 1989)}, TAM2 \hyperref[b24]{(Davis, Bagozzi \& Warshaw, 1989}), TAM3 \hyperref[b92]{(Venkatesh et al. 2008)}, the Theory-of-Planned-Behavior (TPB) \hyperref[b2]{(Ajzen, 1991)}, the Unified-Theory-of-Acceptanceand-Use-of-Technology (UTAUT) \hyperref[b93]{(Venkatesh et al., 2003)}, UTAUT2 \hyperref[b94]{(Venkatesh, Thong \& Xu, 2012)}, the Combined-TAM-and-TPB (C-TAMTPB) \hyperref[b89]{(Taylor \& Todd, 1995)}, the Innovation-Diffusion-Theory (IDT) \hyperref[b74]{(Rogers, 1995)} are employed to study the acceptance and/or use of technology. However, the research domain of technology acceptance has been ruled by the TAM and UTAUT, which are extensively used for inspecting IS adoption intention \hyperref[b71]{(Rahia et al., 2018)}. On the other hand, both of them were developed for measuring technology adoption from the organizational perspective \hyperref[b94]{(Venkatesh et al., 2012)}. Further, the explanatory power of the endogenous variables of those two models is low compared to the model UTAUT2, which was developed to measure individual consumer acceptance of technology. For instance, UTAUT model depict 56\% of the variance in BI and 40\% of the variance in use behavior \hyperref[b94]{(Venkatesh et al., 2012)}. Further, the UTAUT has four predicting variables (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions) whereas UTAUT2 is extended with three additional predicting constructs (habit, hedonic motivation, and price value). In addition, the explanatory power of UTAUT2 is better than the UTAUT (Venkatesh   {\ref (Girard, 1993;} {\ref Mc Carty \& Shrum, 1993;}\hyperref[b125]{Minton \& Schneider, 1985)}. Additionally, WFTs are still in the early stage of commercialization, not much literature has been found on WFT in the context of Bangladesh. Therefore, this study seeks to investigate the intention of Bangladeshis to use WFTs and to comprehend the role of factors that affect this. To do this, this study could potentially present a starting point for the eventual successful introduction and implementation of the technology to address the issue of low physical activity levels among the Bangladeshi population. The results from this research may form part of the basis on which WFTs can be successfully implemented in Bangladesh to facilitate increased levels of physical activity among the population. Additionally, this research may contribute to the gap in knowledge that exists in regard to the adoption of wearable fitness trackers and the non-technical factors that affect it, as well as the gap that exists in literature about wearable fitness trackers and technology adoption in developing countries such as Bangladesh. et al., 2012). The variance explained in BI and UB is 74\% and 56\% respectively in the UTAUT2, considered as substantial \hyperref[b94]{(Venkatesh et al., 2012)}.\par
However, previous research for investigating WFT adoption and use in the different contexts of the world used UTAUT2. For instance, Owen, Archibald, \& Wickramanayake (2019) studied WFT adoption using UTAUT2 in Jamaica. Considering the previous studies as well as better predictability of UTAUT2 for individual acceptance and use of technology, the current study also employed the UTAUT2 model. In addition, the model is further extended by encompassing 'health consciousness' of consumer as an additional variable to predict the WFT adoption and use in Bangladesh. The reason for incorporating health consciousness in the model is that, according to Hong (2011), it can influence the health behavior. Further, Cho, Park, \& Lee (2014), regarding health technology use, noted that there is a substantial rapport between health consciousness and behavioral intention.\par
The current study also considered the role of age as moderating variable to investigate the differential effect of age on the relationship between exogenous and endogenous variables. The baseline UTAUT model and the extended UTAUT2 model also considered the age as moderating variable and found significant differences on the relationship between exogenous and endogenous variables. Researchers also stressed to investigate how age moderate the relationship among major accountable predictors of technology embracement \hyperref[b93]{(Venkatesh et al., 2003)}. Though age plays a critical role as moderator on the technology adoption and use \hyperref[b93]{(Venkatesh et al., 2003;}\hyperref[b94]{Venkatesh et al., 2012)}, the variable did receive scant attention in the WFT adoption and usage in both developing and developed countries. However, the proposed model is presented in the Fig 1. 
\section[{III. Hypotheses Development a) Performance Expectancy (PE)}]{III. Hypotheses Development a) Performance Expectancy (PE)}\par
PE, the premier construct of UTAUT2 model, is explicated by Venkatesh, Thong, and Xu (2012) as it refers to the magnitude to which one perceives that a certain job will be successfully carried out by using innovative technologies. In regard to WFTs, this predictor variable sets point to which an individual believes that the device has potential working power to track and monitor his/her physiological condition in a daily basis which finally do well his/her physical and mental health by reducing health related hazards. Reyes-Mercado and Technology (2018) reverberated that PE plays a pivotal role to augment the behavioral intention of users to adopt fitness wearable. Other studies reveal that older adult users residing in the community form certain specific expectations from technologies (Choudrie, Alfalah, \& Spencer, 2017), which are not consistent with those expected by other segments of the marketplace. The above discussion wielded this research work to posit the following hypothesis:\par
H 1 : PE is positively associated with the elderly's intention to use WFT. 
\section[{b) Effort Expectancy (EE)}]{b) Effort Expectancy (EE)}\par
Another cabbalistic construct of extended UTAUT model, EE point to the level of simplicity related with the use of a system (Venkatesh, Morris, Davis, \& \hyperref[b93]{Davis, 2003)}. Technologies which are adroit at hassle avoidance and simple to use, users generally feel free to adapt these innovations swiftly to their own lives  {\ref (Alalwan, Dwivedi, \& Rana, 2017)}. In respect of WFTs, it is important to design these devices as unobtrusive technology which are easy to learn and get-at-able to operate for which consumers will hold firm determination to motivate users to adopt the technology  {\ref (Dwivedi et al., 2016;} {\ref Oliveira et al., 2014)}. In previous studies, it is explored that customers' chance of attaining comfort depends on the types of click and the age of customers \hyperref[b93]{(Venkatesh et al., 2003)}. Many of prior findings confirmed that perceived and real ease-of-use should take into consideration for making older adults highly inclined to adopt the technology \hyperref[b21]{(Cimperman et al., 2016)}. Therefore, we postulated the following hypothesis:\par
H 2 : EE is positively associated with the elderly's intention to adopt WFT. 
\section[{c) Social Influence (SI)}]{c) Social Influence (SI)}\par
SI, another important constructs which have profound effect on consumer behavior to adopt a technology, is demarcated as the extent to which a person discerns that other people, who are placed by that person as reference group to which she/he belongs or hope to belong, envisage that a particular innovation should be adopted by him or her \hyperref[b23]{(Davis, 1989;}\hyperref[b94]{Venkatesh et al, 2012)}. Although \hyperref[b93]{Venkatesh et al. (2003)} did not notice a considerable effect on users' intention to adopt a technology in an organizational context in their study, \hyperref[b94]{Venkatesh et al. (2012)} observe a remarkable influence of SI. A number of extant literature revealed that consumers are likely to conform to others' expectations of their immediate reference groups for adopting new products \hyperref[b93]{(Venkatesh et al., 2003)}, i.e., WFTs, especially, when they have insignificant experience of the related innovation. Thus, based on these above findings, this study postulates: H 3 : SI is positively associated with the elderly's intention to use WFT. 
\section[{d) Facilitating Conditions (FC)}]{d) Facilitating Conditions (FC)}\par
FC, a salient construct used in the research, is defined as the degree of perception to which an individual believes that an organizational and technical infrastructure remain to facilitate the use of an innovative system \hyperref[b93]{(Venkatesh et al., 2003)}. Extant literature opined that lacking sufficient FC, may create reluctance to actual use and thus significantly reduce the intention-touse of a technology  {\ref (Mahadeo, 2009)}. Because of age differences and inaptness with new innovations, the older adult users may demand more assistance than other age segments of the population to adopt and use of WFT \hyperref[b36]{(Gao et al., 2015)}. Likewise, we surmise that an augmentation in FC positively shaping the behavior of older adult users to adopt and use intention of WFT. Therefore, the stated argument urges to develop the following hypotheses: H 4a : FC has a positive influence on the elderly's intention to use WFT (BI).\par
H 4b : FC is positively associated with elderly's actual use of WFT. 
\section[{e) Hedonic Motivation (HM)}]{e) Hedonic Motivation (HM)}\par
HM is related to fun or pleasure, an individual perceived from using a technology regardless of the performance consequences \hyperref[b94]{(Venkatesh et al., 2012)}. Theoretically, HM can be enunciated in terms of the intrinsic motivations that is driven by internal rewards from using new products, services, and applications; hence, such feelings of inherent satisfaction could drive the users to scrutinize the uniqueness of a new innovation \hyperref[b94]{(Venkatesh et al., 2012)}. For example, by wearing the sensors, users can continuously monitor the health related information such as sleep and calorie intake \hyperref[b97]{(Wei, 2014)}. These features assist WFTs to consider themselves more than just a fitness device and molding the intention of users to adopt and use it. Compared to other age groups of the population, young adults are tech savvy \hyperref[b85]{(Sultan et al., 2009)} and are the early adopters of innovative technologies because of their eagerness for personal satisfaction or fulfillment \hyperref[b35]{(Gao et al., 2012)}. We, therefore, propose the following hypothesis:\par
H 5 : HM has a positive effect on behavioral intention to use WFT. 
\section[{f) Price Value (PV)}]{f) Price Value (PV)}\par
PV, an important theoretical addition to the UTAUT2, is demarcated as settlement in consumers' thought process between the perceived values of the systems and the monetary cost incurred for using the technology \hyperref[b94]{(Venkatesh et al., 2012)}. Although WFTs are marketed to assist users to track and monitor the physical activities daily, some WFTs are deemed costly to purchase for low-income people \hyperref[b36]{(Gao et al., 2015)}. If users can obtain their health related information by using these devices, they can save both monetary and non-monetary costs by avoiding an unnecessary visit to the clinic or hospital. Since the inception of PV in the UTAUT2, some researchers  {\ref (Alalwan et}    {\ref 2016}) failed to report that PV has any significant impact on behavioral intention. Though these kinds of mixed findings are found in extant literature, this study support the view that PV will significantly influence behavioral intention. So, this study has speculated the following hypothesis:\par
H 6 : PV positively influences behavioral intention to adopt WFT. 
\section[{g) Habit (HT)}]{g) Habit (HT)}\par
HT, an antecedent of behavioral intention to research technologies, is defined as the extent to which an individual exhibit instinctive behavior from learned behavior \hyperref[b94]{(Venkatesh et al., 2012)}. It is an acquired mode of behavior that is formed through frequently practice until it can be executed spontaneously and involuntarily \hyperref[b45]{(Huang and Yang, 2020)}. If an individual is accustomed to monitor physical condition by using WFTs, it will create an inside urgency to wear the devices automatically. Besides, it would be logically said that when an individual participate in health related activities, preliminary usage intentions will be rejuvenated, which positively drive to use frequently \hyperref[b28]{(Demiris et al., 2013)}. To agree with Alalwan (2020) and  {\ref Barua and Barua (2021)} HT is a regular tendency or practice by an individual to act automatically because of his or her holistic learning experience. Repeated usage behavior makes a habit, and, in turn, creates a positive inclination to adopt the technology. Amoroso and Lim (2017) found that customers who are delighted with their former experience of WFTs, show their constant eagerness to wear these devices incessantly. We, therefore, hypothesize that:H 7 :\par
HT has a positive effect on behavioral intention to use WFT. 
\section[{h) Health Consciousness (HC)}]{h) Health Consciousness (HC)}\par
HC is the extent to which an individual is concerned about ameliorating or maintaining his/her health (Lee \& Lee, 2017). In addition, HC is an indication of the quality of people's life that drive him to undertake health actions \hyperref[b49]{(Kraft \& Goodell, 1993)}. Prior studies on wearable technology devices have supported that there is a significant relationship between HC and BI (Lee \& Lee, 2017; \hyperref[b98]{Wen et al., 2017)}. \hyperref[b65]{Patel, Asch (2015)} proposed that wearable devices motivate users to increase physical activities, which in turn, improve healthy behavior. However, they admonish that one cannot improve his/her health by simply wearing these devices alone and to gain proper health, one have to engage himself/herself in positive health behavior practices. Hence, we deem that if an individual possess more health interest, she/he shows more intention-touse the WFT. Based on these literatures, therefore, we posited the following hypothesis: H 8 : HC affects an individual's intention to adopt WFT. 
\section[{i) Behavioral Intention (BI)}]{i) Behavioral Intention (BI)}\par
The relationship between the behavioral intention (BI) and actual use behavior (AUB) is well documented in many research fields and that indicates BI is the extent to which one intentionally determined to execute a given action \hyperref[b46]{(Islam et al., 2013)}. It has been experimentally proven that BI is positively related with the actual usage behavior of customers in different context (Taylor \& Todd, 1995, Alam et al., 2020) BI was repeatedly used to measure as the attitudinal and behavioral loyalty. Furthermore, extant literature revealed that BI has significant impact on actual usage behavior \hyperref[b38]{(Goulão, 2014;}\hyperref[b21]{Cimperman et al., 2016)} Therefore, causal link between BI and the wearable use can be hypothesized as: H 9 : BI has a positive impact on the actual use of a WFT. 
\section[{j) Age as Moderator}]{j) Age as Moderator}\par
Technology acceptance and use decision is significantly influenced by individual differences \hyperref[b8]{(Arning \& Ziefle, 2009)}. Age differences of the users plays a critical role in the technology adoption intention \hyperref[b102]{(Zhang et al., 2014)}. Technology adoption literature attracted the researchers to consider age as a moderator between endogenous and exogenous variables \hyperref[b88]{(Tavares and Oliveira, 2016)}. \hyperref[b62]{Morris \& Venkatesh (2000)} noted that technology usage decision is significantly differ for younger and older users. An empirical study by Alsswey and Al-Samarraie (2019) revealed that the relationship between ease of use and BI and usefulness and BI are significantly and positively influenced by age differences of the respondents  {\ref (}       
\section[{IV. Research Methodology a) Measurement of Constructs}]{IV. Research Methodology a) Measurement of Constructs}\par
To test the proposed model, a survey was conducted introducing all the constructs' measurements statements of the conceptual model. The measurements items for all the constructs were adapted from the previously validated scale for ensuring the content validity. Considering the context of the study, some items were modified to fit the context. All the measurement items and their sources are listed in the appendix B. 
\section[{b) Questionnaire Design, Sample Size and Data}]{b) Questionnaire Design, Sample Size and Data}\par
Collection A well-structured questionnaire was developed in two parts. First part of the questionnaire contains the demographic information of the respondents. At the very first of the questionnaire it was mentioned that the respondents are free to answer and they can withdraw their responses anytime from online submission. Further, at the last part of the first part of the questionnaire it was also mentioned that the respondents with no experience of using WFT to not to attempt to answer second part since the study only considered experienced users of WFT. Experience users are critical for truly depicting the picture of understanding influential factors as well as the differential effect of in deciding to adopt and use WFT. However, the questionnaire was developed on Google Docs and disseminated using email as well as social media platform such as Messenger, Whats App, IMO, etc. This method of data collection is best suitable during the pandemic as well as ease of use, and timesaving.\par
However, sample size was determined following the recommendation of MacCallum, Widaman, Zhang, and Hong (1999) who recommended that respondents to construct ratio is 20: 1. Our proposed model contains 10 constructs. Accordingly, a minimum sample size of 200 is suitable for this study. However, following the convenient sampling technique, the data were collected from 300 respondents for better explanatory precision of the model. Some responses were found problematic because of non-response bias, outliers problems etc. Finally, 288 responses were retained to test the relationship between variables and a set of hypotheses. 
\section[{c) Data Analysis Technique}]{c) Data Analysis Technique}\par
This study is an attempt to explore the key influential factors determining the use of WFT as well as to investigate the differential effects of age on the influential factors and dependent constructs. This study used Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to investigate the measurement and parameters of the constructs and the relationships between exogenous and endogenous variables. PLS-SEM is widely used in information system research \hyperref[b57]{(Marcoulides and Saunders, 2006}). An important advantage of PLS-SEM is that the small sample size could be operated in PLS-SEM. PLS-SEM is more appropriate for the analysis like determination of influential factors \hyperref[b39]{(Hair et al., 2016)}. As a PLS-SEM technique, this study employed SmartPLS 3.0 to analysis the data. Further, this study also employed SPSS 23 for determining the reliability and validity of the data. 
\section[{V. Results}]{V. Results} 
\section[{a) Demographic Properties of the Respondents}]{a) Demographic Properties of the Respondents}\par
Out of 288 respondents, 54.51\% were males and 45.49\% were females. 51.40\% respondents were less than the age of 40 and rest of them were 41 to 55 years. The majority of the respondents were service holders (41.66\%). 30.23\% respondents were engaged in business and 28.11\% were students. The majority of the respondents completed their Masters (52.08\%), where as 30.21\% respondents completed their Honors. Few of the respondents completed Higher-Secondary School Certificate (13.55\%) and PhD (4.16\%). 40.97\% have been using WFT for less than a year, whereas 34.02\% respondents have 1 to 2 years of using WFT. 24.99\% respondents have 2 years of experience using WFT. 
\section[{b) Common Method Bias (CMB)}]{b) Common Method Bias (CMB)}\par
Since the data is self-reported, CMB was inspected to circumvent the future risk to the outcome of the analysis. For examining CMB, primarily, this study checked the Harman's single factor test and found that 27.54\% variance is explained by a single factor from the overall variance where Podsak off \& Organ  {\ref (1986)} suggested that less than 50\% indicates no presence of CMB problem. Correlation matrix was also checked and the correlation matrix indicates that there was no correlation greater than 0.90, a sign of absence of CMB. In addition, the CMB issues was also investigated based on Variance Inflation Factors (VIF) values (Table \hyperref[tab_3]{1}). All the VIF values range was 1.371 to 2.617 which are less than 3.3 \hyperref[b48]{(Kock, 2015)}. The statistical evidence indicates that CMB is not an issue for this study. 
\section[{c) Measurement Model Validation}]{c) Measurement Model Validation}\par
PLS algorithm was carried out in the SmartPLS3.0. One-tailed test with 0.05 significance level was employed. Based on the result, we checked the internal reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity for assessing the measurement model fit and validation  {\ref (Hair et al., 2013)}. Internal reliability was ensured by assessing Cronbach's Alpha and Dijkstra-Henseler's rho (?A). Cronbach's Alpha values for all constructs ranged from 0.752 to 0.894 (Table \hyperref[tab_3]{1}) and Henseler's rho values ranged from 0.786 to 0.901, indicates the reliability criteria successfully surpassed \hyperref[b42]{(Henseler et al., 2009)}.  The convergent validity of the study was ensured by checking the criteria of item loadings, composite reliability (CR), and average variance extracted (AVE). Item loadings are found higher than 0.723 and composite reliability is greater than 0.884. further, AVE was found larger than the threshold limit 0.50 \hyperref[b34]{(Fornell and Larcker 1981)}. All the values of item loadings, CR, and AVE suggested that the model is convergently valid (Table \hyperref[tab_3]{1} and {\ref Fig}   For discriminant validity, this study checked the Fornell-Larcker criterion and found that the square roots of AVEs are greater than the inter-correlation coefficients (Table \hyperref[tab_4]{2}). In addition, HTMT criteria was also checked and explored that all the HTMT ratios are much smaller than 0.90 (Table \hyperref[tab_5]{3}), indicates that model is discriminantly valid.  
\section[{Global Journal of Management and Business Research}]{Global Journal of Management and Business Research} 
\section[{VI. Structural Model}]{VI. Structural Model}\par
After surpassing the satisfactory requirements for measurement model, this study evaluated the structural model with 5000 resampling bootstrapping technique. \hyperref[b19]{Chin (1998)} noted that the value of R2 of dependent construct can be used as the predictive power of the model. \hyperref[b33]{Falk and Miller (1992)} noted that more than 30\% of variance explained by an endogenous construct indicates that a model is satisfactory and substantial. This study revealed that the R2 value for BI is 60.50\% and AUB is 29.80\%, indicates the model is suitable.\par
On the other hand, the result of hypotheses testing suggests that the SI (H3) and PV (H6) were not significant considering the significant level at P<0.05. All other hypotheses i.e., eight out of ten hypotheses were revealed significant (Table \hyperref[tab_6]{4} and\hyperref[tab_5]{Fig 3)}.  (2011), PLS-MGA is the very conservative technique for assessing significant variations in multi-group. Significant variance in the two groups were tested and identified that the relationships between EE and BI, HT and BI, and HC and BI were significantly different for two groups as presented in the (Table \hyperref[tab_8]{5}).  The results indicate that WFT provides momentous benefits by allowing consumers to monitor, store and transmit information about their physiological and health related information, in turn, increase adoption and use among elderly people.\par
Along with PE, this study also aligned with literature suggesting EE is a direct determinant of usage behavior \hyperref[b23]{(Davis, 1989;}\hyperref[b53]{Lee, Fiore, \& Kim, 2006)}. For practitioners, perceiving EE as a vital construct in adoption and use is critical, especially during the diffusion process. The results suggest that lower effort in using WFT may result in higher propensity to adopt WFT. One of the key findings of the study does not support the role of SI on WFT continuance, describing the fact that factors that may lead to technology adoption may vary from culture to culture. Surprisingly, role of HM exhibit considerable relationship with WFT usage continuance. Consumers' inclination to use of wearables is motivated by the enjoyment they experience when using the technology. Today, WFTs are more than a simple self-tracking technology; they provide entertainment such as text message notifications and heath information in the form of colorful graphs, which consumers can easily read and share with their health care providers. This provides strong ground to belief that usage continuance is more intrinsically motivated rather than socially governed. In line with self-determination perspective, users of WFTs who have high health consciousness, they are more likely to continue the use of WFTs for continuously tracking their physiological condition. Contrarily, less motivated individuals may discourage to engage in physical activities to lead a healthy life and hence, discontinue the use of WFTs.\par
In addition, the results show that habit has significant positive influence on behavioral intention to adopt WFT. This indicates that continuously using WFT becomes the habit of users, as they need to wear 24/7 to monitor their daily activities. However, the results also show that price value is found to be not relevant to the context of WFT adoption which is consistent with the findings of other studies related to wearable devices \hyperref[b87]{(Talukder et al., 2019)}, as both have shown that price has no significant effect on intention to use technology. The most plausible reason for this that users are more conscious about attaining total perceived benefit by using WFT \hyperref[b17]{(Chan et al., 2012)}, in that case, the price issue do not play a major role for WFT adoption.\par
Facilitating conditions have a contributing effect on consumers' intention to use WFTs, which is consistent with other studies on adoption of wearable technology \hyperref[b47]{(Kim \& Shin, 2015;}\hyperref[b36]{Gao et al., 2015;}\hyperref[b87]{Talukder et al., 2019;}\hyperref[b50]{Kranthi \& Ahmed, 2018;}\hyperref[b73]{Reyes-Mercado, 2018)}. While a number of devices are marketed by addressing the target audience, there are few studies which have examined whether wearing the device strengthen a person's health consciousness \hyperref[b22]{(Coughlin \& Stewart, 2016)}. The results of this study provide a preliminary realization about the potential benefit enjoyed from wearable devices regarding health consciousness. These findings recommend that people  who wear a physical tracker are more health aware and active, as we considerably notice that wearing WFTs potentially increase the physical activity levels and create awareness among targeted population. Therefore, if the usage rate of WFT devices can be multiplied, users are likely to live a healthy lifestyle and be more active in engaging physical activities. This recommend that WFT devices have the potential to facilitate health behavior change. 
\section[{b) Theoretical Contributions}]{b) Theoretical Contributions}\par
This research has applied the UTAUT2 model to determine elderly behavioral intention to adopt WFT in the context of developing countries, e.g., Bangladesh. Age-specific differences played a moderating role in the relationship of EE and BI. For older adults, the EE played the main role in the adoption of WFT devices, whereas the EE had a lower explanatory power for younger adults. In addition, the causal relationship between HC and BI was more influential for older adults than for younger adults. This result provides a valuable insight into intention-to-use of WFT to monitor personal health among elderly people specially. One of the biggest concerns for practitioners is keeping consumers engaged with technology \hyperref[b72]{(Rejcek, 2016)}. In the past, consumers have discontinued the use of WFTs because the technology failed to meet their expectations regarding functionality and individual differences  {\ref (Ledger \& McCaffrey, 2014)}  \hyperref[b32]{(Ericsson, 2018;} {\ref Ledger \& McCaffrey, 2014)}. The results of this research provide some insights into WFTs to help market practitioners attract potential customers and retain existing customers. Many new improvements to WFTs will allow for the real-time consultation of personalized data by consumers and health care providers  {\ref (Salah, MacIntosh, \& Rajakulendran, 2014)}. This may ultimately increase engagement with the device and help elevate the level of consumer satisfaction about technology acceptance mostly among older people. In addition, Marketers are also advised to make realistic claims about technology to create realistic consumer expectations and avoid future abandonment, thus engaging consumers to use this technology. 
\section[{c) Practical Implications}]{c) Practical Implications}\par
However, regarding the moderating effects of user age, the findings show clearly, the relationship between HT and BI was stronger for participants of the younger age group. Since HT was a significant factor affecting a younger adult's intention to use WFTs, practitioners should put their endeavor on strengthening the habitual use of the product by proactively reinforcing the relationship with consumers. For example, companies might focus the personalized benefits and promote features that could assist in managing personal health. Customers and marketers, governments, insurance companies and the healthcare industry have great implications through the usage of WFT. As this research identified hedonic motivation, performance expectancy, and facilitating condition to be significant factors in behavioral intention to use WFTs, we recommend that to retain consumers, providers should design these technologies in a new-fashioned way for the end users to enhance enjoyment and engagement with WFTs. The recommendations can be used as new research model to foster the adoption intention of WFTs among users. 
\section[{d) Limitations and Future Research Directions}]{d) Limitations and Future Research Directions}\par
Even though the present study provides some valuable insight with respect to intention-to-use and usage behavior of WFT in developing country context, this study is not out of some limitations that should be considered for the broader generalization and application of findings. The results assured that age has an important influence on technology usage in developing countries. However, two critical keystones should be envisaged in this context. The first is the taken sample of older adults is not representative for the population of the older age group. The older participants investigated here were comparably young and their academic qualification is quite satisfactory, therefore, future studies should examine older, and more representative samples. In doing so, older adults may retrieve optimum benefit from the utilization of WFT devices. Another shortcoming is that to overcome time and budget constraint, convenience sampling was used here as survey instrument for which the present study is suffered from some biasness because sample data failed to represent the entire population. In addition, only age differences as moderating variable is considered here, but other important individual differences e.g., the moderating effect of gender, experience of using technological devices, and educational level were not considered in this study. Therefore, since moderating effect reveal the deep insight  {\ref (Barua et}  Based on these limitations, it is suggested that future studies should put their endeavor on identifying the preferences (e.g., color, language, layout and images) of elderly people from a cultural perspective and increase the adoption rate of these devices among them. In addition, future studies should focus on longitudinal surveys for better explanation of adoption and use behavior. Finally, the effect of other individual differences, such as gender, attitude and experience, should be taken into consideration to enhance the usage rate of WFTs among elderly people in future work.   
\section[{Appendix}]{Appendix}\begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{2}\includegraphics[]{image-2.png}
\caption{\label{fig_0}2 Global}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{}\includegraphics[]{image-3.png}
\caption{\label{fig_1}}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{}\includegraphics[]{image-4.png}
\caption{\label{fig_2}}\end{figure}
           \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{} \par 
\begin{longtable}{}
\end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_1}}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{} \par 
\begin{longtable}{}
\end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_2}}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{1} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.16048298572996708\textwidth}P{0.11663007683863887\textwidth}P{0.17261251372118552\textwidth}P{0.061580680570801315\textwidth}P{0.06531284302963776\textwidth}P{0.04851811196487377\textwidth}P{0.04945115257958287\textwidth}P{0.17541163556531283\textwidth}}
Constructs\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Items Loadings}\tabcellsep Cronbach's Alpha\tabcellsep Rho\textunderscore A\tabcellsep CR\tabcellsep AVE\tabcellsep VIF\\
Performance\tabcellsep PE1\tabcellsep 0.859\tabcellsep 0.881\tabcellsep 0.883\tabcellsep 0.918\tabcellsep 0.737\tabcellsep 2.210\\
Expectancy\tabcellsep PE2\tabcellsep 0.876\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2.390\\
\tabcellsep PE3\tabcellsep 0.838\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2.104\\
\tabcellsep PE4\tabcellsep 0.859\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2.248\\
Effort\tabcellsep EE1\tabcellsep 0.875\tabcellsep 0.888\tabcellsep 0.891\tabcellsep 0.923\tabcellsep 0.749\tabcellsep 2.496\\
Expectancy\tabcellsep EE2\tabcellsep 0.859\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2.165\\
\tabcellsep EE3\tabcellsep 0.881\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2.550\\
\tabcellsep EE4\tabcellsep 0.847\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2.203\\
Facilitating\tabcellsep FC1\tabcellsep 0.804\tabcellsep 0.831\tabcellsep 0.832\tabcellsep 0.888\tabcellsep 0.664\tabcellsep 1.720\\
Condition\tabcellsep FC2\tabcellsep 0.821\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 1.873\\
\tabcellsep FC3\tabcellsep 0.813\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 1.858\\
\tabcellsep FC4\tabcellsep 0.821\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 1.786\\
Social\tabcellsep SI1\tabcellsep 0.839\tabcellsep 0.853\tabcellsep 0.865\tabcellsep 0.900\tabcellsep 0.693\tabcellsep 1.958\\
Influence\tabcellsep SI2\tabcellsep 0.845\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2.109\\
\tabcellsep SI3\tabcellsep 0.826\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2.110\\
\tabcellsep SI4\tabcellsep 0.821\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2.006\\
Price Value\tabcellsep PV1\tabcellsep 0.905\tabcellsep 0.809\tabcellsep 0.894\tabcellsep 0.884\tabcellsep 0.717\tabcellsep 1.785\\
\tabcellsep PV2\tabcellsep 0.810\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 1.729\\
\tabcellsep PV3\tabcellsep 0.822\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 1.781\\
Hedonic\tabcellsep HM1\tabcellsep 0.759\tabcellsep 0.752\tabcellsep 0.786\tabcellsep 0.858\tabcellsep 0.669\tabcellsep 1.371\\
Motivation\tabcellsep HM2\tabcellsep 0.896\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 1.869\\
\tabcellsep HM3\tabcellsep 0.793\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 1.618\\
Habit\tabcellsep HT1\tabcellsep 0.824\tabcellsep 0.887\tabcellsep 0.891\tabcellsep 0.922\tabcellsep 0.747\tabcellsep 1.982\\
\tabcellsep HT2\tabcellsep 0.859\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2.281\\
\tabcellsep HT3\tabcellsep 0.889\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2.611\\
\tabcellsep HT4\tabcellsep 0.884\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2.614\\
Health\tabcellsep HC1\tabcellsep 0.854\tabcellsep 0.894\tabcellsep 0.901\tabcellsep 0.926\tabcellsep 0.759\tabcellsep 2.287\\
Consciousness\tabcellsep HC2\tabcellsep 0.879\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2.617\\
\tabcellsep HC3\tabcellsep 0.866\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2.472\\
\tabcellsep HC4\tabcellsep 0.885\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2.440\\
Behavioral\tabcellsep BI1\tabcellsep 0.883\tabcellsep 0.858\tabcellsep 0.859\tabcellsep 0.913\tabcellsep 0.778\tabcellsep 2.103\\
Intention\tabcellsep BI2\tabcellsep 0.878\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2.148\\
\tabcellsep BI3\tabcellsep 0.886\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2.205\\
Actual Use\tabcellsep AU1\tabcellsep 0.723\tabcellsep 0.794\tabcellsep 0.801\tabcellsep 0.866\tabcellsep 0.619\tabcellsep 1.439\\
Behavior\tabcellsep AU2\tabcellsep 0.823\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 1.826\\
\tabcellsep AU3\tabcellsep 0.826\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 1.932\\
\tabcellsep AU4\tabcellsep 0.770\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep 1.576\end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_3}Table 1 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{2} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.05613207547169811\textwidth}P{0.14166666666666666\textwidth}P{0.12562893081761006\textwidth}P{0.11226415094339622\textwidth}P{0.0988993710691824\textwidth}P{0.08820754716981133\textwidth}P{0.07216981132075471\textwidth}P{0.058805031446540874\textwidth}P{0.04544025157232705\textwidth}P{0.03207547169811321\textwidth}P{0.01871069182389937\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep AUB\tabcellsep BI\tabcellsep EE\tabcellsep FC\tabcellsep HC\tabcellsep HM\tabcellsep HT\tabcellsep PE\tabcellsep PV\tabcellsep SI\\
AUB\tabcellsep 0.787\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
BI\tabcellsep 0.517\tabcellsep 0.882\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
EE\tabcellsep 0.405\tabcellsep 0.561\tabcellsep 0.866\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
FC\tabcellsep 0.460\tabcellsep 0.628\tabcellsep 0.513\tabcellsep 0.815\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
HC\tabcellsep 0.235\tabcellsep 0.484\tabcellsep 0.349\tabcellsep 0.427\tabcellsep 0.871\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
HM\tabcellsep 0.240\tabcellsep 0.378\tabcellsep 0.181\tabcellsep 0.271\tabcellsep -0.026\tabcellsep 0.818\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
HT\tabcellsep 0.440\tabcellsep 0.572\tabcellsep 0.521\tabcellsep 0.591\tabcellsep 0.335\tabcellsep 0.174\tabcellsep 0.864\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
PE\tabcellsep 0.476\tabcellsep 0.607\tabcellsep 0.539\tabcellsep 0.590\tabcellsep 0.386\tabcellsep 0.307\tabcellsep 0.534\tabcellsep 0.858\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
PV\tabcellsep 0.336\tabcellsep 0.308\tabcellsep 0.375\tabcellsep 0.380\tabcellsep 0.266\tabcellsep 0.089\tabcellsep 0.316\tabcellsep 0.329\tabcellsep 0.847\tabcellsep \\
SI\tabcellsep 0.272\tabcellsep 0.323\tabcellsep 0.251\tabcellsep 0.337\tabcellsep 0.149\tabcellsep 0.191\tabcellsep 0.330\tabcellsep 0.340\tabcellsep 0.115\tabcellsep 0.833\end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_4}Table 2 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{3} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.2225626740947075\textwidth}P{0.11364902506963788\textwidth}P{0.1065459610027855\textwidth}P{0.08997214484679665\textwidth}P{0.07813370473537604\textwidth}P{0.06629526462395544\textwidth}P{0.05445682451253482\textwidth}P{0.04261838440111421\textwidth}P{0.03314763231197772\textwidth}P{0.023676880222841225\textwidth}P{0.014206128133704735\textwidth}P{0.004735376044568245\textwidth}}
Year 2023\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Volume XXIII Issue I Version I\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
( ) E\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
Global Journal of Management and Business Research\tabcellsep AUB BI EE FC HC HM\tabcellsep AUB 0.623 0.48 0.57 0.27 0.31\tabcellsep BI 0.64 0.74 0.55 0.46\tabcellsep EE 0.60 0.39 0.22\tabcellsep FC 0.49 0.34\tabcellsep HC 0.09\tabcellsep HM\tabcellsep HT\tabcellsep PE\tabcellsep PV\tabcellsep SI\\
\tabcellsep HT\tabcellsep 0.52\tabcellsep 0.65\tabcellsep 0.59\tabcellsep 0.69\tabcellsep 0.38\tabcellsep 0.21\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep PE\tabcellsep 0.57\tabcellsep 0.70\tabcellsep 0.61\tabcellsep 0.69\tabcellsep 0.43\tabcellsep 0.38\tabcellsep 0.60\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep PV\tabcellsep 0.41\tabcellsep 0.35\tabcellsep 0.43\tabcellsep 0.46\tabcellsep 0.31\tabcellsep 0.10\tabcellsep 0.38\tabcellsep 0.37\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep SI\tabcellsep 0.33\tabcellsep 0.37\tabcellsep 0.29\tabcellsep 0.40\tabcellsep 0.17\tabcellsep 0.24\tabcellsep 0.37\tabcellsep 0.38\tabcellsep 0.14\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep © 2023 Global Journals\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_5}Table 3 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{4} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.05836909871244635\textwidth}P{0.1732832618025751\textwidth}P{0.10761802575107296\textwidth}P{0.10761802575107296\textwidth}P{0.10396995708154506\textwidth}P{0.10579399141630902\textwidth}P{0.19334763948497852\textwidth}}
Hypotheses\tabcellsep Relationships\tabcellsep Std Beta\tabcellsep Std Error\tabcellsep T-value\tabcellsep P Values\tabcellsep Comments\\
H1\tabcellsep PE -> BI\tabcellsep 0.149\tabcellsep 0.065\tabcellsep 2.290\tabcellsep 0.022\tabcellsep Supported\\
H2\tabcellsep EE -> BI\tabcellsep 0.168\tabcellsep 0.054\tabcellsep 3.207\tabcellsep 0.001\tabcellsep Supported\\
H3\tabcellsep SI -> BI\tabcellsep 0.036\tabcellsep 0.037\tabcellsep 0.964\tabcellsep 0.335\tabcellsep Not Supported\\
H4a\tabcellsep FC -> BI\tabcellsep 0.183\tabcellsep 0.064\tabcellsep 2.866\tabcellsep 0.004\tabcellsep Supported\\
H4b\tabcellsep FC -> AUB\tabcellsep 0.226\tabcellsep 0.076\tabcellsep 2.942\tabcellsep 0.003\tabcellsep Supported\\
H5\tabcellsep HM -> BI\tabcellsep 0.224\tabcellsep 0.042\tabcellsep 5.296\tabcellsep 0.000\tabcellsep Supported\\
H6\tabcellsep PV -> BI\tabcellsep -0.010\tabcellsep 0.042\tabcellsep 0.386\tabcellsep 0.700\tabcellsep Not Supported\\
H7\tabcellsep HT -> BI\tabcellsep 0.169\tabcellsep 0.061\tabcellsep 2.764\tabcellsep 0.006\tabcellsep Supported\\
H8\tabcellsep HC -> BI\tabcellsep 0.236\tabcellsep 0.048\tabcellsep 4.872\tabcellsep 0.000\tabcellsep Supported\\
H9\tabcellsep BI -> AUB\tabcellsep 0.379\tabcellsep 0.076\tabcellsep 4.974\tabcellsep 0.000\tabcellsep Supported\end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_6}Table 4 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{5} \par 
\begin{longtable}{}
\end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_8}Table 5 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.016280406052480368\textwidth}P{0.06121432675732618\textwidth}P{0.6180042137521548\textwidth}P{0.13870905956713275\textwidth}P{0.015791993870905956\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{Understanding the Age Differences in Adopting WFTs: An Extension of the UTAUT2 Model}\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep EE1 EE2\tabcellsep Learning how to use Wearable Fitness Technology is easy for me. My interaction with Price Value\tabcellsep (2003); Venkatesh et al. (2012)\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep PV1 PV2 PV3\tabcellsep Wearable Fitness Technologies are reasonably priced. Usually, Wearable Fitness Technologies are a good value for the money. At the current price, Wearable Fitness Technologies provide a good value.\tabcellsep Venkatesh et al. (2012)\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep A: Cross Loadings Social Influence (SI)\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
12 Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XXIII Issue I Version I Year 2023 ( ) E\tabcellsep AU1 AU2 AU3 AU4 BI1 BI2 BI3 EE1 EE2 EE3 EE4 FC1 FC2 FC3 FC4 HC1 HC2 HC3 HC4 HM1 HM2 HM3 HT1 HT2 HT3 HT4 PE1 PE2 PE3 PE4 PV1 PV2 PV3 SI1 SI2 SI3 SI4 Item PE4 PE3 PE2 PE1 SI1 FC1 HM1 HM2 HM3 HT1 HT2 HT3 HT4 HC1 HC2 HC3 HC4 BI1 BI2 BI3 AUB1 AUB2 AUB3 AUB4\tabcellsep AUB 0.723 0.823 0.826 0.770 0.444 0.448 0.477 0.371 0.365 0.310 0.358 0.376 0.387 0.333 0.401 0.226 0.193 0.156 0.236 0.134 0.239 0.208 0.416 0.368 0.348 0.397 0.413 0.395 0.444 0.386 0.328 0.227 0.279 0.219 0.239 0.249 0.198 Using Wearable Fitness Technology service increases my capability to manage my health BI EE FC HC HM HT PE 0.332 0.223 0.354 0.121 0.168 0.286 0.282 0.461 0.356 0.390 0.223 0.214 0.361 0.436 0.439 0.377 0.339 0.235 0.205 0.381 0.385 0.385 0.306 0.364 0.148 0.164 0.350 0.381 0.883 0.519 0.606 0.437 0.328 0.535 0.565 0.878 0.471 0.525 0.394 0.367 0.506 0.519 0.886 0.494 0.528 0.450 0.308 0.471 0.521 0.479 0.875 0.441 0.314 0.158 0.439 0.457 0.516 0.859 0.435 0.308 0.117 0.422 0.415 0.497 0.881 0.431 0.297 0.167 0.473 0.527 0.445 0.847 0.474 0.288 0.191 0.474 0.470 0.513 0.440 0.804 0.366 0.215 0.485 0.476 0.501 0.381 0.821 0.279 0.269 0.482 0.447 0.505 0.440 0.813 0.320 0.222 0.502 0.565 0.527 0.413 0.821 0.422 0.177 0.458 0.442 0.394 0.319 0.402 0.854 -0.053 0.297 0.331 0.410 0.279 0.358 0.879 -0.028 0.311 0.332 0.391 0.311 0.354 0.866 -0.048 0.280 0.320 0.481 0.309 0.375 0.885 0.027 0.282 0.359 0.281 0.061 0.152 -0.119 0.759 0.116 0.200 0.370 0.210 0.257 0.032 0.896 0.161 0.288 0.263 0.157 0.251 0.006 0.793 0.148 0.262 0.451 0.423 0.538 0.313 0.091 0.824 0.415 0.485 0.428 0.477 0.258 0.167 0.859 0.481 0.537 0.470 0.542 0.324 0.152 0.889 0.506 0.499 0.478 0.487 0.263 0.186 0.884 0.439 0.534 0.463 0.540 0.348 0.258 0.464 0.859 0.553 0.470 0.478 0.346 0.259 0.457 0.876 0.480 0.462 0.487 0.310 0.294 0.440 0.838 0.513 0.455 0.523 0.318 0.248 0.472 0.859 0.336 0.361 0.345 0.253 0.119 0.272 0.347 0.201 0.279 0.260 0.212 0.049 0.214 0.184 0.206 0.296 0.358 0.203 0.035 0.323 0.268 0.305 0.232 0.365 0.170 0.150 0.296 0.324 0.295 0.192 0.238 0.121 0.183 0.299 0.309 0.228 0.203 0.225 0.065 0.155 0.231 0.236 0.232 0.207 0.281 0.128 0.145 0.261 0.244 Appendix B: List of Indicators Constructs and Statements Performance Expectancy (EE) fitness. quickly. Using Wearable Fitness Technology helps me in managing my daily health fitness more Using Wearable Fitness Technology increases my chances of meeting my needs. I find Wearable Fitness Technology is useful in my life. People who are Facilitating Condition (FC) I have the Hedonic Motivation (HM) Using Wearable Fitness Technology is fun. Using Wearable Fitness Technology is enjoyable. Using Wearable Fitness Technology is entertaining. Habit (HT) The use of Wearable Fitness Technology has become a habit for me. I am addicted to using Wearable Fitness Technology. Using Wearable Fitness Technology would be a regular activity for me. Using Wearable Fitness Technology has become natural to me. Health Consciousness (HC) I think it is important to know well how to stay healthy My health is so valuable to me that I am prepared to sacrifice many things for it I have the impression that I sacrifice a lot for my health I consider myself very health conscious Behavioral Intention (BI) I intend to continue using Wearable Fitness Technology in the future. I will always try to use Wearable Fitness Technology in my daily life. I plan to continue to use Wearable Fitness Technology frequently. Actual Use Behavior (AUB) Wearable Fitness Technology provide me a pleasant experience. I really use Wearable Fitness Technology to keep my health fit. I spend a lot of time on Wearable Fitness Technology. I use Wearable Fitness Technology on regular basis.\tabcellsep PV 0.165 0.257 0.277 0.352 0.258 0.233 0.323 0.310 0.354 0.313 0.318 0.344 0.284 0.317 0.296 0.209 0.219 0.276 0.226 0.050 0.110 0.048 0.319 0.292 0.246 0.243 0.257 0.297 0.271 0.303 0.905 0.810 0.822 0.139 0.057 0.058 0.128 Sources SI 0.280 0.178 0.237 0.171 0.263 0.280 0.314 0.227 0.199 0.219 0.224 0.264 0.280 0.311 0.248 0.161 0.145 0.114 0.105 0.158 0.148 0.170 0.229 0.253 0.312 0.340 0.321 0.286 0.277 0.283 0.131 0.008 0.135 0.839 0.845 0.826 0.821 Venkatesh et al. (2012) (2003); Venkatesh et al. Venkatesh et al. (2003);Venkates h et al. (2012) Venkatesh et al. (2003); Venkatesh et al. (2012) Venkatesh et al. (2012) Venkatesh et al. (2012) Chen (2011) Venkatesh et al. (2012); Taylor and Todd (1995) Venkatesh et al. (2012); Taylor and Todd (1995)\tabcellsep Year 2023 Volume XXIII Issue I Version I ( ) E Global Journal of Management and Business Research\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep Effort Expectancy (EE)\tabcellsep Venkatesh et al.\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{© 2023 Global Journals}\tabcellsep © 2023 Global Journals\tabcellsep \end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_9}}\end{figure}
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\end{document}
