# Introduction usiness has always existed since the early times of man. Even though it only began with the simplistic barter system, business would not be the same as it is today without the advancements in internet. The role of internet in the business landscape cannot be overstated. All the major industries would fall into a catastrophic collapse if one were to take away internet from business, since majority of business operations and transactions somehow involve the use of internet. Internet has become a crucial and indispensable part of almost every kind of business. Internet in business allows organizations to improve both the performance and overall effectiveness of products, systems and services. The rapid growth in internet usage has brought about a paradigm shift in the way things are done and perceived. It is a great revolution in this decade because it has greatly simplified the way shopping was done. It has dramatically changed the way consumers seek and use information. Earlier, internet was conceptualized as a tool for enchasing information but now it has become an important place of business. Internet has given a dynamic boost to the growth of all sectors and especially retail sector across the globe. Therefore, the words like e marketing or online shopping has come into existence. # a) Online shopping and customers' perception Online marketing is the process of marketing a product or service using the Internet. Online shopping is also called as web-store, e-store, e-shop, Internet shop, web-shop, online store, and virtual store. The online shopping concept become very popular among the consumers due to the convenience and availability of large varieties of products. Besides, a highly challenging lifestyle is convincing consumers to adopt online shopping as a substitute to traditional retailing to save time and money. It is gaining popularity across the globe because the internet is now more and more accessible to the common man and its benefits are transcended over traditional retailing. The internet penetration in Jordan was 67%. There were 6.78 million internet users in January, 2020 (Wikipedia). There is great increase in internet users in the decade. The statistics highlighted that there is a bright future for online marketing in Jordan in the coming years. There is surge in the number of firms selling products online. However, selling online is not an easy task as it looks like. There are many challenges in selling online like finding and targeting the right consumer, satisfaction of customers, certain website issues like frauds and hacking. Understanding the perception of customers is usually seen as the most important challenge. Once a firm manages to recognize it, solutions to other problems will come into sight automatically. Understanding of customers' perception in online shopping is more difficult than traditional selling because the customers are not physically available and the sellers could not convince them by communicating properly. Many times, it has been found that customers read the reviews and rating of the product and then takes a decision whether to buy or not. In such a case, the firm lost the customer if the product gets low rating and bad reviews although the product is superior to rival firms. Similarly, they compare the prices of products with rival firms and then take a decision. Sometimes customers' decision is influenced by the attraction of website, its design and features. Therefore, critical examination of customers' attitude is a sine qua non in online shopping. The present research examines the customers' perception towards online shopping. This study comprehensively measures all the important factors like trust, convenience, price, customer service, product varieties, and website design that customers usually taken into consideration while buying products through internet. # II. Literature Review and Research Model a) Literature review Jusoh and Ling (2012) investigated how sociodemographic variables age, income and occupation affect consumers' attitude towards online shopping on a sample of 100 respondents. One way ANOVA was used to assess the differences between independent variable such as age, income, occupation and pattern of online buying (type of goods) and dependant variable such as attitude towards online shopping. The findings revealed that there is no significant difference in attitude towards online shopping among age group but there is a significant difference in attitude towards online shopping were recorded across income groups. Moreover, correlation was also applied to test the relationship between independent variables and dependant variables. The findings revealed that the variables ecommerce experience, product perception, customers' service have a significant relationship with attitude towards online shopping among the respondents. Bashir (2013) found that majority of the people bought goods online once in a year. The study found that online shopping was popular in young generation as they feel it more comfortable, time saving and convenient. Besides, the research revealed that time saving; best price and convenience were the important factors affecting online purchase. However, the author revealed that safety of payment was the main barrier in the process of online shopping because people of Pakistan are afraid to share their personal information and financial information on internet. Masoud (2013) examined the effect of perceived risks (financial risk, product risk, time risk, delivery risk, and information security risk) on online shopping behavior in Jordan on the sample of 395 online shoppers. The study revealed that financial risk, product risk, delivery risk, and information security risk negatively affect online shopping behavior. The results also showed that the other two dimensions, perceived time risk, and perceived social risk have no effect on online shopping. Yunus (2014) conducted the research on customer perception, towards online shopping in Chennai city. The demographic picture of respondents highlighted that 58% were married, 52% were men, 36% earned income under 40,000, 43% were graduates, and 39% were salaried persons. The sample size was 1273 respondents. The results showed that customers' with age 35-45 years, earning monthly income of Rs. 40,001-60,000 are good in online shopping behavior. Convenience risk, financial risk and non delivery risk reduced satisfaction in online shopping by 58%, 52%, and 65% respectively. Satisfaction towards online merchant, good Return policy, Good Infrastructure brings satisfaction towards online shopping by 65%, 68%, and 49% respectively. Bashir, Mehboob, and Bhatti (2015) find out the various factors that affect the consumer behavior towards online shopping. Trust, time, product variety, convenience and privacy, were the variables taken in the study to examine the relationship between consumer-buying behavior towards online shopping. Data was collected through questionnaires. The results revealed that two factors trust followed by convenience have great impact on the decision to buy online or not. Ahluwalia and Sanan (2016) find out the factors influencing online shopping and how these factors affect willingness to purchase online. Data was collected from 200 respondents in Jalandhar city of Punjab with the help of a questionnaire. Factor analysis and Multiple Regression analysis were used as statistical techniques to analyze the data. Results found website security, reliability of the website, return and exchange policy, reasonable prices offered, customer services offered, positive customer reviews regarding website and informative website were the factors influencing online buying behavior. Website security was the most important predictor of willingness to buy online. Rahman et al. (2018) found that Bangladeshi online shoppers are young (mostly below 40 years) similar to other parts of the world. They do online shopping because it saves time, offer home delivery, provides ease in shopping and offers more variety of products for apparels, accessories, and ticketing than that of brick and mortar stores. They mostly rely on price and their experience as the basis of the quality judgment of items in online shopping and for payment system they prefer cash on delivery option. However, the study revealed that privacy and inability to touch and feel are the most disliking factors for online shoppers. Perera and Sachitra (2019) examined the factors influencing customer satisfaction towards online shopping. The moderating effect of income level on the relationship between factors influencing customer satisfaction on online shopping was also examined. The sample size was 380. The survey method was used to collect data through a standardizes questionnaire which takes five variables namely customer satisfaction, convenience, security, website functionality and customer service. The survey findings revealed that convenience, web site functionality, customer service have significant influence on customer satisfaction on online shopping. The results also indicated that the income level has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between convenience, web site functionality, security and customer service and customer satisfaction on online shopping. # b) Research Gap The review of literature highlights that numerous studies have been carried out on online shopping, online marketing, consumer behaviour and the like topics. But, an empirical gap has been revealed with respect to the studies in Jordan. Therefore, this study is identical from previous studies as it examines the customers' perception towards online shopping in Jordan. # c) Research Model Figure 1 highlights the research model of the study. The present study used six variables namely trust, convenience, price, customer service, product varieties, and website design to examine the customers' perception towards online shopping. All these variables were used in previous empirical studies. All these are discussed below. The first variable used in the research was trust. Because no transaction either online or offline could be done in absence of trust between seller and buyer. Therefore, trust was used to measure the attitude of customer towards online buying. Secondly, the surge in online buying is because of convenience. An individual might buy goods at any time suitable to him/her as the services are available 24X7. This is an era of busy schedule. All the professionals get free at the time where the physical market closed. Therefore, convenience was used as the second variable to measure the attitude of customers' towards online buying. Moreover, reasonable price in online selling is another important factor which persuade customers' towards online buying. Besides, a customer has the chance to make a comparison with different sellers simultaneously which was not possible while purchasing goods in physical market. During certain occasions like Eid or on New Year, they are providing huge discounts which ignite a fire in customers' to buy online. Hence, price was used as third component in the study to measure the attitude of customers towards online buying. # Trust Customer service was used as fourth component in the study because a number of individuals reported that they are getting good quality of customer service if they bought goods online. In many previous studies, it was also used. Furthermore, a customer wants to get a number of varieties for the product he/she would like to buy. It is the nature of customer that he needs many categories so that he/she could select the best ones. It is not only confined to expensive products. But even for very cheap products like buying a shampoo or biscuit, a customer needs to check different other similar categories available in the market. So far online shopping is concerned, customers prefer it because of having number of varieties which becomes easy for them to select the best product according to their budget, taste, likes, and preferences. Therefore, it was used as the fifth variable in the study. Furthermore, website design, website reliability and website security are the attractive features which influence the perception of the consumer towards online buying. So, website design was used as the sixth variable in the study. Table 1 highlights the attitude of customers towards online shopping on different components. The questionnaire asked about the major reason for buying online, barriers faced by them, frequency of buying, and the type of goods bought in the year. It was found that highest percentage of customers (32%) bought products online due to low prices. 24% respondents told that they bought due to convenience and to save their time. Besides, 14% customers bought because they can compare prices with rival firms easily which is not possible in offline purchase. A small number of consumers (thirty six each) told that they bought goods online due to trust and brand image. Moreover, it was found that 12% customers bought goods after studying the reviews of the products. It means that they prefer such products which get more rating and good reviews. Figure 2 highlights the major barriers that the customers faced while buying goods online. 35% customers reported that difficulty in getting warranties in electronic items was the important barrier regarding online purchase. Some reported that they have less trust in online purchase. High shipping cost was also found an obstacle in online purchase as 12% reported that they paid high shipping cost. A very small number of consumers raised their concerns regarding safety of payment. Table 1 further highlights that the maximum customers were those who bought goods once in three months. A small percentage of customers were those who bought once in a year. The customers who bought frequently were 19%. Besides, the table further shows that 67% customers told that they do not visit to a retail store before buying online. It means that they have trust on online shopping. Furthermore, the questionnaire was also asked about the type of products bought online. It was found that highest percentage of customers (37%) bought clothes. It means that clothes followed by electronic goods were the highest selling products in online mode. Home essentials like soaps, detergents, and groceries were the least bought goods online. # III. # Research Design In this section, I'll present how I conducted the research to collect the primary data and reach to the conclusion of the research and will also explain which different types of methodology that were used. # a) Objectives of the study The objective of the study is to examine the customers' perception towards online shopping in selected cities of Jordan. # b) Hypotheses of the study Following null hypotheses have been developed for the study: Ho 1 : A significant and positive relationship does not exist between trust and customers' perception towards online shopping. Ho 2 : A significant and positive relationship does not exist between convenience and customers' perception towards online shopping. Ho 3 : A significant and positive relationship does not exist between price and customers' perception towards online shopping. # c) Population and Sampling Method Identification of target population is the first and foremost step in developing a sampling design. The population of this study includes all consumers of Jordan who buy goods online. Besides, random sampling plan was implemented in the study because all consumers have equal chance of being including in the sample. The main advantage is that the large number of respondents can be obtained quickly and conveniently at lower cost. # d) Sample Size The required number of sample to conduct the research was identified through the formula particularly where large and unknown population. Where, Z = Confidence limit = 1.96 P = 0.5 (Proportion for unknown Population) Q = 1-P = 1 -0.5 = 0.5 B = 5% significance level 5% = 0.05 According to the formula, 385 is the required sample size. Therefore, researcher distributed 600 questionnaires because many questionnaires might be wrong, unsuitable, and many might not return. # e) Data collection Method A self-administered questionnaire was used for collecting primary data. It is considered as a superior mode for minimizing bias and improving response rates. With regards to questions, care was taken to eliminate words with ambiguous meaning. The questionnaire was designed to be short and simple. # f) Pilot survey When the final questionnaire was ready, then pilot online survey was conducted before actual survey. Random sampling method was used to select a small group of consumers for pilot survey. A total of 80 questionnaires were distributed to confirm the clarity of measurement items. Consumers were requested to fill the questionnaire with overall comments. A total of 60 usable responses were collected and analyzed. # g) Distribution of Questionnaires A total of 600 questionnaires after successful pilot survey were distributed to the consumers via email living in major cities of Jordan who met the sampling requirements. Amman, Zarqa, Madab, Irbid, Mafraq, Aqaba, and Ma'an were the cities selected in the study. A total of 425 questionnaires were returned wherein 400 questionnaires were considered valid for data analysis. Table 2 highlights the questionnaires distributed, rejected and accepted. # Source: Primary Data h) Duration of field survey and Statistical tools used The data collection period was four months from September, 2019 to December, 2019. Cronbach alpha was used to test reliability of data. Correlation and simple linear regression was used to test hypotheses of the study. # IV. # Data Analysis a) Reliability Analysis Before hypotheses testing, reliability of all components as well as all statements of questionnaire was examined with the application of cronbach alpha. Table 3 highlights the reliability of all statements under study. The values of all components were ranging from 0.7 to 0.9 and hence it can be said that the data was reliable for testing hypotheses. Ho 1 : A significant and positive relationship does not exist between trust and customers' perception towards online shopping. Ha 1 : A significant and positive relationship exists between trust and customers' perception towards online shopping. Simple linear regression was used as the statistical tool to examine the relationship between trust and customers' perception. Trust was taken as independent variable whereas customers' perception was the dependent variable. Table 4 highlights the regression model-1 in abridged form. The adjusted R square value was 0.84 which indicates that 84% variations in the customers' perception can be predicted from trust. Moreover, ANOVA shows the model significance. The overall model is significant because the F value is significant at 95% confidence level. Furthermore, the unstandardized beta value shows the impact of the predictor variable (trust) on the dependent variable (customers' perception). It suggests that for one unit increase in trust, there will be 0.691 unit increase in customers' perception. Finally, the null hypothesis is rejected because P<0.05 and it can be said that there is a significant and positive relationship exists between trust and customers' perception towards online shopping. Ho 2 : A significant and positive relationship does not exist between convenience and customers' perception towards online shopping. Ha 2 : A significant and positive relationship exists between convenience and customers' perception towards online shopping. Simple linear regression was used as the statistical tool to examine the relationship between convenience and customers' perception. Convenience was taken as independent variable whereas customers' perception was the dependent variable. Table 5 highlights the regression model-2 in abridged form. The adjusted R square value was 0.704 which indicates that 70% variations in the customers' perception can be predicted from convenience. Moreover, ANOVA shows the model significance. The overall model is significant because the F value is significant at 95% confidence level. Furthermore, the unstandardized beta value shows the impact of the predictor variable (convenience) on the dependent variable (customers' perception). It suggests that for one unit increase in convenience, there will be 0.637 unit increase in customers' perception. Finally, the null hypothesis is rejected because P<0.05 and it can be said that there is a significant and positive relationship between convenience and customers' perception towards online shopping. Ho 3 : A significant and positive relationship does not exist between price and customers' perception towards online shopping. Ha 3 : A significant and positive relationship exists between price and customers' perception towards online shopping. Simple linear regression was used as the statistical tool to examine the relationship between price and customers' perception. Price was taken as independent variable whereas customers' perception was the dependent variable. Table 6 highlights the regression model-3 in abridged form. The adjusted R square value was 0.49 which indicates that 49% variations in the customers' perception can be predicted from price. Moreover, ANOVA shows the model significance. The overall model is significant because the F value is significant at 95% confidence level. Furthermore, the unstandardized beta value shows the impact of the predictor variable (price) on the dependent variable (customers' perception). It suggests that for one unit increase in price, there will be 0.506 unit increase in customers' perception. Finally, the null hypothesis is rejected because P<0.05 and it can be said that there is a significant and positive relationship between price and customers' perception towards online shopping. Ho 4 : A significant and positive relationship does not exist between customer service and customer's perception towards online shopping. Ha 4 : A significant and positive relationship exists between customer service and customers' perception towards online shopping. Simple linear regression was used as the statistical tool to examine the relationship between customer service and customers' perception. Customer service was taken as independent variable whereas customers' perception was the dependent variable. Table 7 highlights the regression model-4 in abridged form. The adjusted R square value was 0.459 which indicates that around 46% variations in the customers' perception can be predicted from customer service. Moreover, ANOVA shows the model significance. The overall model is significant because the F value is significant at 95% confidence level. Furthermore, the unstandardized beta value shows the impact of the predictor variable (customer service) on the dependent variable (customers' perception). It suggests that for one unit increase in customer service, there will be 0.266 unit increase in customers' perception. Finally, the null hypothesis is rejected because P<0.05 and it can be said that there is a significant and positive relationship between customer service and customers' perception towards online shopping. Simple linear regression was used as the statistical tool to examine the relationship between product variety and customers' perception. Product variety was taken as independent variable whereas customers' perception was the dependent variable. Table 8 highlights the regression model-5 in abridged form. The adjusted R square value was 0.263 which indicates that 26% variations in the customers' perception can be predicted from product variety. Moreover, ANOVA shows the model significance. The overall model is significant because the F value is significant at 95% confidence level. Furthermore, the unstandardized beta value shows the impact of the predictor variable (product variety) on the dependent variable (customers' perception). It suggests that for one unit increase in product variety, there will be 0.423 unit increase in customers' perception. Finally, the null hypothesis is rejected because P<0.05 and it can be said that a significant and positive relationship exists between product variety and customers' perception towards online shopping. Ho 6 : A significant and positive relationship does not exist between website design and customers' perception towards online shopping. Ha 6 : A significant and positive relationship exists between website design and customers' perception towards online shopping. Simple linear regression was used as the statistical tool to examine the relationship between website design and customers' perception. Website design was taken as independent variable whereas customers' perception was the dependent variable. Table 9 highlights the regression model-6 in abridged form. The adjusted R square value was 0.385 which indicates that 38% variations in the customers' perception can be predicted from website design. Moreover, ANOVA shows the model significance. The overall model is significant because the F value is significant at 95% confidence level. Furthermore, the unstandardized beta value shows the impact of the predictor variable (website design) on the dependent variable (customers' perception). It suggests that for one unit increase in website design, there will be 0.497 unit increase in customers' perception. Finally, the null hypothesis is rejected because P<0.05 and it can be said that a significant and positive relationship exists between website design and customers' perception towards online shopping. V. # Concluding Remarks Internet is a great revolution in this decade. It has greatly simplified the way shopping was done. Internet has given a dynamic boost to the growth of all sectors and especially retail sector across the globe. Online shopping is one of the offshoots of internet. Online shopping/marketing is the process of marketing/shopping a product or service using the Internet. Online shopping is also called as webstore, e-store, e-shop, Internet shop, web-shop, online store, and virtual store. The online shopping concept become very popular among the consumers due to highly challenging lifestyle. It is gaining popularity across the globe. Taking this into cognizance, the present research examined the customers' perception towards online shopping in Jordan. A total of 600 questionnaires after successful pilot survey were distributed randomly to the consumers living in major cities of Jordan who met the sampling requirements. Amman, Zarqa, Madab, Irbid, Mafraq, Aqaba, and Ma'an were the cities selected in the study. The data collection period was four months from September, 2019 to December, 2019. A total of 400 questionnaires were considered valid for data analysis. Cronbach alpha was used to test reliability of data. It was found that the data was reliable for testing hypotheses. Moreover, simple linear regression was used as the statistical tool to examine the relationship between online shopping and customers' perception. The present study used six variables namely trust, convenience, price, customer service, product varieties, and website design to examine the customers' perception towards online shopping. All these variables were statistically significant at 95% confidence level. It means that a significant and positive relationship exists between all independent variables and customer's perception towards online shopping. The highest beta value was recorded on trust and the least value was recorded on customer service. The findings are in line with the previous empirical studies Bashir (2013) This research found that 32% respondents bought products online due to low prices whereas 24% respondents told that they bought due to convenience and to save their time. However, the major barrier that the customers faced while buying goods online was difficulty in getting warranties in electronic items. 35% customers reported it. A very small number of consumers raised their concerns regarding safety of payment. Therefore, all the firms have to take this issue seriously and try to improve it and ensure that customer will get same warranties as they get in offline purchase otherwise they stop buying online. Selling online is not an easy task. There are many challenges which are found in selling online like understanding consumer behavior, certain website issues like frauds and hacking and the like. All these issues must be tackled by the firms as soon as possible to get higher degree of customer satisfaction which leads to customer loyalty which is the basis of their survival in the long run. 1![Figure 1: Research Model](image-2.png "Figure 1 :") 24![Figure 2: Barriers in Online purchase](image-3.png "Figure 2 : 4 Global") 3![Figure 3: Products buy online d) Customers' attitude towards online ShoppingTable1highlights the attitude of customers towards online shopping on different components. The questionnaire asked about the major reason for buying online, barriers faced by them, frequency of buying, and the type of goods bought in the year. It was found that highest percentage of customers (32%) bought products online due to low prices. 24% respondents told that they bought due to convenience and to save their time. Besides, 14% customers bought because they can compare prices with rival firms easily which is not possible in offline purchase. A small number of consumers (thirty six each) told that they bought goods online due to trust and brand image. Moreover, it was found that 12% customers bought goods after studying the reviews of the products. It means that they prefer such products which get more rating and good reviews.Figure2highlights the major barriers that the customers faced while buying goods online. 35% customers reported that difficulty in getting warranties in electronic items was the important barrier regarding online purchase. Some reported that they have less trust in online purchase. High shipping cost was also found an obstacle in online purchase as 12% reported that they paid high shipping cost. A very small number of consumers raised their concerns regarding safety of payment.Table1further highlights that the maximum customers were those who bought goods once in three months. A small percentage of customers were those who bought once in a year. The customers who bought frequently were 19%. Besides, the table further shows that 67% customers told that they do not visit to a retail store before buying online. It means that they have trust](image-4.png "Figure 3 :") 4![A significant and positive relationship does not exist between customer service and customer's perception towards online shopping.](image-5.png "Ho 4 :") 5![A significant and positive relationship does not exist between product variety and customers' perception towards online shopping. Ho 6 : A significant and positive relationship does not exist between website design and customers' perception towards online shopping.](image-6.png "Ho 5 :") 7![](image-7.png "7 Global") 58![A significant and positive relationship does not exist between product variety and customers' perception towards online shopping. Ha 5 : A significant and positive relationship exists between product variety and customers' perception towards online shopping.](image-8.png "Ho 5 : 8 Global") 1Main Reason for online ShoppingFrequencyPercentConvenience & time saving96Less Price128Trust369Brand Image369Price comparison available56Product reviews available48Total400100Major BarriersSafety of payment205Low trust level of online store / Brand96Warranty and claims140Refund Policy96High Shipping Cost48Total400100No of times you buy onlineFrequently or at least once a month76Once in three months232Once in six months60Once in a year328Total400100Do you go to a retail store first before making your final purchase online?FrequencyPercentYes92No307Total400100Type of Products bought onlineFrequencyPercentElectronic products148Books44Clothes168Home essentials and Groceries40Total400100Source: Primary Data 1 2QuestionnairesQuestionnairesQuestionnairesQuestionnairesDistributedReturnedRejectedAccepted for analysis60048080400 [Sample Size] 3No.DimensionsStatementsCronbach Alpha1Trust50.8942Convenience40.7463Price40.9144Customer Service50.8345Product Variety30.7996Website Design40.804Source: Output of SPSS_18 4ModelRAdjusted R 2BStandard Errort valueANOVA F ValueP Value10.9170.8400.6910.4442945.7792050.720**0.000Predictors: (Constant), TrustDependent Variable: Customers' PerceptionB: Unstandardized Coefficient**Significant at 5%Source: Output of SPSS_18 5ModelRAdjusted R 2BStandard Errort valueANOVA F ValueP Value20.8390.7040.6370.6098730.741944.989**0.000Predictors: (Constant), ConvenienceDependent Variable: Customers' PerceptionB: Unstandardized Coefficient**Significant at 5%Source: Output of SPSS_18 6ModelRAdjusted R 2BStandard Errort valueANOVA F ValueP Value30.7010.4900.5060.7624319.546382.060**0.000Predictors: (Constant), PriceDependent Variable: Customers' PerceptionB: Unstandardized Coefficient**Significant at 5%Source: Output of SPSS_18 7ModelRAdjusted R 2BStandard Errort valueANOVA F ValueP Value40.6770.4590.2661.066637.23252.297**0.000Predictors: (Constant), Customer serviceDependent Variable: Customers' PerceptionB: Unstandardized Coefficient**Significant at 5%Source: Output of SPSS_18 8ModelRAdjusted R 2BStandard Errort valueANOVA F ValueP Value50.5130.2630.4230.9617211.919142.068**0.000Predictors: (Constant), Product varietyDependent Variable: Customers' PerceptionB: Unstandardized Coefficient**Significant at 5%Source: Output of SPSS_18 9ModelRAdjusted R 2BStandard Errort valueANOVA F ValueP Value60.6210.3850.4970.8783215.796249.502**0.000Predictors: (Constant), Website designDependent Variable: Customers' PerceptionB: Unstandardized Coefficient**Significant at 5%Source: Output of SPSS_18 ( ) E Customers' Perception to wards Online Shopping in Jordan © 2021 Global Journals © 2021 Global Journals ## Appendix * Online Buying Behavior: A Case Study of Jalandhar City in Punjab AKAhluwalia PSanan Pacific Business Review International 8 2016 * Consumer behavior towards online shopping of electronics in Pakistan ABashir 2013 Pakistan Master Thesis Seinäjoki university of applied sciences * Effects of online shopping trends on consumerbuying behavior: an empirical study of Pakistan RBashir IMehboob WKBhatti Journal of Management and Research 2 2 2015 * A study of the relationship between shopping orientation and online shopping behavior among Indian youth MHanda NGupta Journal of Internet Commerce 13 1 2014 * Factors influencing consumers' attitude towards ecommerce purchases through online shopping ZMJusoh GHLing International Journal of Humanities and Social Science 2 4 2012 * Attracting shoppers to shop online-Challenges and opportunities for the Indian retail sector AKhare AKhare SSingh 10.1080/15332861.2012.689570 Journal of Internet Commerce 11 2 2012 * The Effect of Perceived Risk on Online Shopping in Jordan EYMasoud European Journal of Business and Management 5 6 2013 * Effect_Of_Perceived_Risk_On_Online_Shopping_In_Jordan * Customer Satisfaction towards Online Shopping in Sri Lanka: Moderating Effect of Income Level SachitraPerera Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports 6 2019 * 10.9734/ajarr/2019/v6i230149 * Customers' perception towards online shopping: An empirical study on Dhaka city MARahman 10.1080/23311975.2018.1514940 Bangladesh. 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