@incollection{,
	
					
					
					6B0C2B84554E61C1A42A401D6B7CCD74
				,
	author={{EdwardNtulo}},
	journal={{Global Journal of Management and Business Research}},
	journal={{GJMBR}}2249-45880975-585310.34257/GJMBR,
	address={Cambridge, United States},
	publisher={Global Journals Organisation}1861119
}

@book{b0,
	
	
		,
	title={{Interest Spreads in Banking: Costs, Financial Taxation, Market Power, and Loan Quality in the Colombian Case 1974-96}}
		,
	author={{
			ABarajas
		} and {
			RSteiner
		} and {
			NSalazar
		}}
		
		
		
			,
	year={1998}
		
	
	,
	note={IMF Working Paper No. wp/98/110}

}

@incollection{b1,
	
	
		,
	title={{Bank Efficiency, Ownership and Market Structure: Why Are Interest Rate Spreads So High in Uganda?}}
		,
	author={{
			TBeck
		} and {
			HHesse
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. wps4027}}
				
			,
	year={2006}
		
	

}

@book{b2,
	
	
		,
	title={{An Examination of the Macro-Economic Influence on Nominal and Real Interest Rate Spreads in the Caribbean" presented at the XXXVIth Annual Monetary Studies Conference}}
		,
	author={{
			ABirchwood
		}}
		
			,
	year={2004}
			,
	address={Central Bank of Trinidad & Tobago}
		
	

}

@book{b3,
	
	
		,
	title={{Bank Interest Margins Meet Interest Rate Spreads: How Good is Balance Sheet Data for Analyzing the Cost of Financial Intermediation?}}
		,
	author={{
			PBrock
		} and {
			HFranken
		}}
		
		
		
			,
	year={2002}
		
	

}

@incollection{b4,
	
	
		,
	title={{Understanding the Behaviour of Bank Spreads in Latin America}}
		,
	author={{
			PBrock
		} and {
			LRojas -Suárez
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Development Economics}}
		
			71
			2
			
			,
	year={2000}
		
	

}

@incollection{b5,
	
	
		,
	title={{Understanding the Interest Rate Spread in Solomon Islands}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Focus Report}}
		
			,
	year={2007}
		
		
			Central Bank of Solomon Islands
		
	

}

@incollection{b6,
	
	
		,
	title={{Financial Sector Development and Economic Growth in Pacific Island Countries}}
		,
	author={{
			SChand
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Pacific Economic Bulletin}}
		
			17
			1
			
			,
	year={2002}
		
	

}

@incollection{b7,
	
	
		,
	title={{Financial reforms and Interest Rate Spreads in the commercial Banking System in Malawi}}
		,
	author={{
			EWChirwa
		} and {
			MMlachila
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{IMF Staff Papers}}
		
			51
			1
			
			,
	year={2004}
		
	

}

@incollection{b8,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Effects of Interest Rate Spread on the Level of Non-Performing Assets: A Case of Commercial Banks in Kenya}}
		,
	author={{
			NCollins
		} and {
			KWanjau
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Journal of Business and Public Management}}
		
			1
			1
			
			,
	year={2011}
		
	

}

@incollection{b9,
	
	
		,
	title={{Market Power and Interest Rate Spread in the Caribbean}}
		,
	author={{
			RCraigwell
		} and {
			WMoore
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Review of Applied Economics}}
		
			16
			
			,
	year={2002}
		
	

}

@book{b10,
	
	
		,
	title={{Interest Rate Spreads in English-Speaking African Countries}}
		,
	author={{
			JCrowley
		}}
		
			,
	year={2007. WPor07or101}
		
	
	,
	note={IMF Working Paper}

}

@incollection{b11,
	
	
		,
	title={{Determinants of commercial bank interest margins and profitability: Some international evidence}}
		,
	author={{
			ADemirgüç -Kunt
		} and {
			HHuizinga
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{World Bank Economic Review}}
		
			13
			
			,
	year={1999}
		
	

}

@incollection{b12,
	
	
		,
	title={{Determinants of Commercial Bank Interest Margins and Profitability: Some International Evidence}}
		,
	author={{
			ADemirguc -Kunt
		} and {
			HHuizinga
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{World Bank Policy Research Working Papers}}
				
			,
	year={1998}
			S1900
		
	

}

@book{b13,
	
	
		,
	title={{A European Study of Bank Interest Margins: Is Net Fees Revenue A Determinant}}
		,
	author={{
			NEmmanuelle
		}}
		
			,
	year={2003}
		
		
			United Kingdom, U.K: University of Birmingham
		
	
	,
	note={Doctoral Thesis}

}

@incollection{b14,
	
	
		,
	title={{Macroeconomic and Market Determinants of Interest Rate Spreads in Low and Middle-income countries}}
		,
	author={{
			AFolawewo
		} and {
			DTennant
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Applied Financial Economics}}
		
			19
			
			,
	year={2009}
		
	

}

@book{b15,
	
	
		,
	title={{Banking Spreads in Latin America}}
		,
	author={{
			RGGelos
		}}
		
			,
	year={2006}
			,
	publisher={International Monetary Fund}
			,
	address={Washington D.C}
		
	
	,
	note={IMF Working Paper, WPor06or44. International Monetary Fund; International Financial Statistics}

}

@incollection{b16,
	
	
		,
	title={{Regulatory Pressure, Market Discipline, and Bank Spreads in India: An Empirical Exploration}}
		,
	author={{
			SGhosh
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Global Economic Review}}
		
			37
			2
			
			,
	year={2008}
		
	

}

@book{b17,
	
	
		,
	title={{Determinants of Commercial Banks Interest Rate Spreads: Some Empirical Evidence from the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union' ECCB Working Papers}}
		,
	author={{
			KGrenade
		}}
		WP/07/01
		
			,
	year={2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b18,
	
	
		,
	title={{Determinants of Interest Rate Spread in the Pacific Island Countries: Some Evidence from Fiji}}
		,
	author={{
			TKJayaraman
		} and {
			RSharma
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{USPEC Working Paper Series}}
		
			,
	year={2003. 2003}
		
	

}

@incollection{b19,
	
	
		,
	title={{Determinants of Interest Spread in Commercial Banks: A case of CRDB bank Tanzania}}
		,
	author={{
			SMadishetti
		} and {
			JKimeme
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Journal on research Commerce; Economic and Management}}
		2231-4245
		
			2
			3
			,
	year={2012}
		
	

}

@incollection{b20,
	
	
		,
	title={{Challenges in the Financial Sector}}
		,
	author={{
			DMartin
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Towards a Sustainable and Efficient State: The Development Agenda of Belize}}
				,
	editor={
			DougalMartin
			OsmelManzano
		}
		Washington, DC
		
			,
	publisher={Inter-American Development Bank}
			,
	year={2010. 2010}
		
	

}

@incollection{b21,
	
	
		,
	title={{How Foreign Participation and Market Concentration Impact Bank Spreads: Evidence from Latin America}}
		,
	author={{
			MSMartinez Peria
		} and {
			ModyA
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking}}
		
			36
			3
			
			,
	year={2004}
		
	

}

@book{b22,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Cost of Commercial Bank Credit in Belize: Contributing Factors and Policy Implications}}
		,
	author={{
			PMendoza
		}}
		
			,
	year={1997}
		
		
			Central Bank of Belize Research Department
		
	

}

@book{b23,
	
	
		,
	title={{Determinants of Interest Rate Spread in Developing Countries: Evidence of Tanzania}}
		,
	author={{
			FMugizi
		} and {
			MNdanshau
		} and {
			Ailkaeli
		}}
		
		
		
			,
	year={2011. 1991-2009}
		
		
			Department of Economic Working Paper
		
	

}

@book{b24,
	
	
		,
	title={{Banking Sector Interest Rate Spreads in Kenya, Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis Discussion Paper}}
		,
	author={{
			NNdung'u
		} and {
			RWNgugi
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2000}
		
	

}

@incollection{b25,
	
	
		,
	title={{An empirical analysis of interest rate spread in Kenya}}
		,
	author={{
			RNgugi
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{African Economic Research Consortium Research Paper}}
		
			106
			,
	year={2001}
		
	

}

@book{b26,
	
	
		,
	title={{Efficiency and stability in an evolving financial system}}
		,
	author={{
			GQuaden
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2004}
		
	

}

@incollection{b27,
	
	
		,
	title={{Interest Rate Spread in the Eastern Caribbean. IMF Working Paper}}
		,
	author={{
			RRandall
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Wp 98 or 59}}
				Washington, D.C
		
			,
	publisher={International Monetary Fund}
			,
	year={1998}
		
	

}

@book{b28,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Yin and Yang of Microfinance: Reaching the Poor and Sustainability. Micro-banking Bulletin}}
		,
	author={{
			ERhyne
		}}
		
			,
	year={2002. July 1998}
			45
		
	

}

@incollection{b29,
	
	
		,
	title={{Are Interest Rate Spreads in Jamaica too Large? Views from within the Financial Sector}}
		,
	author={{
			DTennant
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Social and Economic Studies}}
		
			55
			3
			
			,
	year={2006}
		
	

}