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\title{Community: A New Perspective of Campus Police Mechanism Management in China}
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             \author[1]{zhaoqian  }

             \author[2]{zhaoqian  }

             \affil[1]{  Law School, Southwest University}

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\date{\small \em Received: 19 February 2012 Accepted: 19 March 2012 Published: 2 April 2012}

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\begin{abstract}
        


Community is the basic existence mode to the human being, the connotation of community shall be defined from community subject to community life. The current police mechanism management has changed gradually from traditional police mechanism to modern police mechanism; community fits the guidance of modern police mechanism philosophy to campus police mechanism management better in China. The attribute of campus police mechanism community includes three aspects, i.e., community relationship, community function and community category. The attribute of community has decided the construction approach to the campus police mechanism community. To cultivate the common ethics of campus police mechanism is the important measure of achieving the community relationship?s mutual aid attribute. To establish the multiparty participation mechanism is the basic safeguard to achieve the community function?s self sufficiency attribute. To promote the collaboration extent of campus police mechanism is the necessary content of the community category?s pluralism attribute.

\end{abstract}


\keywords{campus police mechanism; community; community relationship; community function; community category.}

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\let\tabcellsep& 	 	 		 
\section[{Introduction}]{Introduction}\par
n recent years, in order to ease campus security situation in China, dispatching police to middle and primary school and kindergarten has become the innovative measure of police mechanism put forward by many local public security organs. The examples are as follows: the security system of "to-be campus police" who are "at school part-time, working at least for 4 hours in campus's critical period" established by Liaoning Province in 2005 [1] "campus police mechanism mode" that is "pushed forward by Party committee and the government and joined by campus and society with the interaction between public security and education" constructed by Deyang, Sichuan Province in 2005 \hyperref[b1]{[2]} the campus police system of "clocking in two times every week" established by Zhongshan, Guangdong Province in 2006 \hyperref[b2]{[3]} new-type campus police mechanism of "five-way integration" of campus security team, campus people's police, safeguard cadre, security personnel and the group of protecting school set up by Chongqing in 2010[4] campus safeguarding system composed of "local police station, campus police, professional safeguards and the responsible group of protecting school" established by Yingtan, Jiangxi Province in 2011 \hyperref[b4]{[5]}. How to make theoretic analysis of these actions has been the bottleneck problem to realizing the construction of longterm, scientific and legalized system. Deliberating comprehensively campus police mechanism management from the perspective of community may be a sort of beneficial try. 
\section[{II.}]{II.} 
\section[{The Connotation Of Community}]{The Connotation Of Community}\par
Human being, as a kind of entity self-conscious of their own behvior's existence and continuity, is the sort of entity who can't live lonely, but must live with people of the same kind in society. Community is the basic way for human existence and the entity with some kind of common values, standards and goals, a society without community life isn't a good society. Community, as a broad concept, can be called the comprehensive summary of human political, economical and cultural system development since ancient times. Ferdinand Tonnies, a German sociologist, made a systematic discussion of "community" for the first time, "community is founded over the instinctive satisfaction of related people, or adaption to custom's restriction, or the common memory concerned with thought. Community is a kind of everlasting and true common life, and the perfect unity of primitive or natural human will." \hyperref[b5]{[6]} Until the end of 19th century and the beginning of 20th century, much more systematic community theory formed. Human community life has experienced primitive, ancient, family, ethnic group community, and the various forms and development stages of national, class, life, state, regional and global community since modern times. \hyperref[b6]{[7]} There are various definitions as to the connotation of community in the academic circles. Marx considered that "human true nature is human community, namely the combo of free men". \hyperref[b7]{[8]} Heller thought that "community must be subordinate to structured or organized groups or units, and community can obtain from them relatively homogeneous value system." \hyperref[b8]{[9]} Masako Kohama deemed that "Community means a kind of open common awareness. It not only refers to the internal interests relative to the external and the partial interests relative to the whole, but also more universal and broad joint sense and mutual assistance consciousness and the publicity that supports these consciousness and contain openness." \hyperref[b9]{[10]} Weber regarded that "political community ought to be appropriate fro such a community whose social actions aim to through violence (usually force) make people's actions in some regions obedient to the orderly governance of people who possess power in community." \hyperref[b10]{[11]} "The community said by Rawls points to political community, in this sense, community is nation or society. The members in such kind of community have some common ultimate goals and regard social cooperation itself as a sort of kindness. Although each member still has his own interests, their interests are not always opposite and conflicting, and in some cases are complementary and unweaving with each other." \hyperref[b11]{[12]} Dworkin thought that really reasonable community is a free and tolerant one, "the collective life of political community include its formal political actions which are legislation, verdict, enforcement and government's other administrative functions. Citizens integrated as one will think that the success or failure of his community in these formal political actions is closely connected to his own life, improving or damaging his life. According to liberalism, it's an end here. If his community still receives severe inequality, race discrimination and some other discrimination through his best efforts, he won't consider his life is not so successful, unless he himself suffers a loss from these different forms of discrimination." \hyperref[b12]{[13]} Though these discussions define the connotation of community differently, the analysis is extended on the basis of "community subject and human being". "Community refers to the group existing in society composed because of subjective or objective common features or similarity such as nationality, race, region and identity. At first community is the muster of human beings, and is a kind of community with different levels and characteristics composed of related members in accordance with region, culture and politics, etc." \hyperref[b13]{[14]} Among so many communities, political community is the most widely applied, and a lot of the above diverse discussions are connected with it.\par
However, in contemporary society, political life has not been the main content yet, and the boundary among different political, economic and cultural communities is becoming vague gradually, and all of them are ascribed to the objectives of public interests. The tendency of different individual rights values' transformation to common public interests values is particularly outstanding in China. Values consist of purpose value and moral value. Purpose value is more of a kind of superficial instinct pursuit based on human nature, and can alwalys be represented by maximizing benefits via "increasing the sum of social happiness". Moral value needs guidance of purpose benefits' attribute, coordination and balance, and the fair value shown as entity justice and procedure justice can be called its inherent eternal pursuit, while the efficiency value manifested as order efficiency and benefit efficiency can be called its extrinsic reality pursuit. \hyperref[b14]{[15]} China's advocating subsistence right and development right to be chief human rights fully reflects purpose value, and civic rights are completely guaranteed when they are put in the process of realizing subsistence and development, thus achieving the universality, equality and uniformity of Chinese citizen rights. But the social problems like unjust distribution and the extreme disparity between the rich and the poor which draw greater attention need to be replied with moral values. How to bring about the "harmonious" issue of maximum social benefits shown as rapidly increasing social wealth is the typical problem of moral values. The national conditions now in China decide the "harmonious" society we want to construct should put public benefits first in the value acceptance and rejection at least in the present period. Only under the premise of ensuring order efficiency and benefits efficiency can the unremitting pursuit of "relatively universal" justice value with the representation of individual rights be realized. Then it may as well turn the perspective of defining the connotation of community from community subject to community life, and no longer demarcate community from the shallow levels of purpose values like politics, economics and culture, but from the deep levels of moral values nature of community life.\par
In essence community life is a kind of life that different individuals who have the ability of thinking and awareness and take actions with certain purposes contact with each other. Such kind of life is often shown as two forms. The first one is based on disparate division of labor. People in society divide labor disparately on account of respective different ability and need, and ensure the satisfaction of various needs through exchanging service. Every person devotes his own ability to satisfy others' demand in disparate division of labor, and obtains different reward via rendering service in view of divergent division of labor from other people. The second one is based on common need. People always have common need which can only be satisfied through common life, and they help each other for achieving their common need. Two sorts of common life stem from human individuality and sociality. Human individuality decides people's need to division of labor and fairness, and division of labor makes people perform their own functions and do their best, and fairness makes people keep some kind of equal individual freedom in mutual contact; people's sociality determines their demand of cooperation and social exchange, and cooperation makes people help each other, and social exchange make people form society or social groups. Community life is diversified gradually with the extent of people's mutual contact and social development. 
\section[{III.}]{III.} 
\section[{The Accordance of Campus Police Mechanism Management with Community}]{The Accordance of Campus Police Mechanism Management with Community}\par
Police mechanism generally refers to police actions and police work. At present it has gradually transformed from a traditional one to a modern one. Modern police mechanism is initiated by British Robert Bill who put forward "nine principles" of modern police mechanism in the 1820s. Under the "prevention principle", the basic mission of policemen is to prevent crime and maintain order; "the principle of the public's approval" requires that policemen's ability to perform duties should lie on the public's acceptance of policemen's actions; "the public's cooperation principle" requests that policemen should gain the public's sincere cooperation and their respect by adhering to law; "force principle" demands the necessity of using force decreases along with the extent of acquiring the public's cooperation; "the principle of just service" claims policemen to provide service through showing absolute justice to laws; "the principle of force's necessity" asks for policemen to employ force which is necessary for maintaining laws or recovering order only when persuasion, advice and warning become invalid; "the principle that police is the public" calls for policemen to enhance the contact with the public so as to highlight the service idea of police mechanism; "the principle of policemen's accountability" requires that policemen's accountability should not exceed legal bounds; "the principle of policemen's efficiency" demands the assessment criteria to policemen's efficiency should be based on real conditions of controlling crimes for highlighting work efficiency. \hyperref[b15]{[16]} Campus police mechanism sprang up in the 60s and 70s of the twentieth century, and was one achievement of the fourth world revolution of police mechanism whose theme was "socialization". The "nine principles" of modern police mechanism have the most typical manifestations in campus police mechanism.\par
Campus police mechanism refers to the thought pattern and method system that all parties' subjects of campus police mechanism legal relations contact with each other actively, find and solve the public security problems together, and take various legal means to develop all kinds of relevant resources, and strengthen autonomy and mutual assistance so as to comprehensively, systematically and longer safeguard campus security order. The subjects of campus police mechanism legal relations are a certain number of people with corresponding relations of rights and obligations, who are organized with the link of common campus security targets and join in maintaining campus secure environment together, namely the police, campus administrators, teachers, students, parents, and campus server (all kinds of people who regard campus as the main object of service inside or around campus). The specific contents of campus police mechanism are the following: formulating policies and rules of campus police mechanism; founding campus police team and dispatching campus policemen; campus policemen's execution of powers and duties and reception of supervision; support and coordination to campus policemen and their work from education administrative department, related school and functional departments; developing varied security resources, discovering and settle security problems which campus is faced up with together, completely, systematically and longer maintaining campus security order by the police authorities, campus police and schools.\par
The idea of modern police mechanism helps to bring about the accordance of campus police mechanism management with community. All parties' subjects of campus police legal relations form the campus police mechanism community under the guidance of modern police mechanism idea, and they as members of community contact with each constantly on the basis of disparate division of labor and common demands. In campus police mechanism community, all parties' subjects perform their own functions and do their best, and their respective community life content is strictly demarcated. Campus policemen and full-time campus safeguard are engaged in campus security work, the competent administrative departments of education and campus administrators are occupied in teaching management, organizing the implementation of teaching activities, etc, teachers and students accomplish teaching activities together, and the head of a family and campus server mainly provide logistic guarantee and varied services for students, teachers and campus administrators. The subject of each party obtains corresponding difference reward on account of the different work content. Constructing harmonious relationship between the police and the public of campus service can prevent campus security accidents. In specific working process, campus policemen should pay attention to enhance the communication and connection with other community members, further mutual understanding, support and participation with other community members, study security situations and formulate solutions together, actively offer campus security service in order to form intimate relationship between the police and the public, combine management with service and then maintain campus security order together. It is hard to realize "the principles of prevention" only by campus policemen and professional campus safeguard. If campus policemen lack effective communication with other community members, the performance evaluation of them is often only made by the police. Hence, how can they gain the public's approval, strengthen the association and The community of campus police mechanism that can better adapt to the idea of modern police mechanism should be the group of people composed of all parties' subjects of campus police mechanism legal relations, who under the common campus security need produce the sense of identity and belonging, in order to build "five in one" mutual communication mechanism of specialized campus police mechanism sector, campus policemen, campus safeguard cadre, full-time campus safeguard and part-time campus safeguard and even the "multi-way integration" mechanism, and to realize many sides' participation in campus security work. Such a community in the course of its members' mutual contact will appear the following features. Firstly, the image of main members becomes tender. Campus policemen, as the primary community members, always emerge in the image of sever, are no longer the daunting stern law enforcers, but the social servants who attach importance to interpersonal communication, listen to advice and offer all aspects of service. On the activity strategies, they do not take the straightforward way of violence for violence any more, but adopt preventive working means via campus education, communication and coordination, etc, and take tough measures to solve real campus security problems merely when they have no alternative. Secondly, the pattern of mutual contact is socialized. The campus police mechanism activities that community members launch while associating with each other must be carried out together based on campus, each related functional department, students and the parent or guardian of students. They should lay stress on fully excavating and utilizing social public resources to suppress campus security accidents, and to the hilt starting and guiding other community members except for campus policemen to join in security work, so as to form comprehensive campus security system that every one has the awareness of self-defense and alert and make the social public become the power source of maintaining campus secure surrounding. Thirdly, the connotation of life becomes compound. The meaning of this community life can be classified as two levels. As far as the higher level is concerned, it reflects a kind of brand-new idea, involving the essence, function and goal of campus policemen, and other the fundamental view and basic theory that a series of problems like the mutual relations between campus police and other community members redefine. In terms of the lower level, it embodies a sort of brand-new open and cooperative working way, which needs to change the long-term traditional, enclosed and opposite management mode and working habit.\par
IV. 
\section[{The Attributes Of Campus Police Mechanism Community a) The reciprocity of community relations}]{The Attributes Of Campus Police Mechanism Community a) The reciprocity of community relations}\par
There are two kinds of reciprocal relations inside campus police mechanism community. One is the reciprocal relation among community members. Community members should even more live by the "nine principles" of modern police mechanism for realizing coordination, mutual assistance and getting along well with each other; they help each other for common secure campus environment voluntarily, but not compelled to give help mutually based on national compelling force with outside system norms. Another is the reciprocal relation between community and its members. The community life of campus police mechanism requests that each member of the community should actively maintain and propel common safety interests. Human sociality decides the value core of community lies in mutual assistance and cooperation, and under the guidance of this value each member regards taking part in campus police mechanism community life as the greatest pleasure and positively undertakes the affairs of sticking up for common security interests. Such kind of affair is not so much an obligation or responsibility as a qualification or right. Rawls thought that "The virtues of political cooperation are very great, and they make up a kind of huge public kindness and a part of social and political capital. In general, why the value which is conflicted with political justice and its supportive virtue is overwhelmed is because they collide with those conditions which make fair social cooperation possible on the basis of mutual respect." \hyperref[b16]{[17]} The reciprocity of community relations determines the political virtue of organizing campus police mechanism community rules, and also decides that community life should not be treated onedimensionally and separately while constructing this community. A series of reconciliation should be penetrated in the structure system of community, so that the community subjects won't deepen divergence or even fall into virtual hostility due to factors like disparate division of labor, and make them reach a compromise to actively join in common campus security affairs. Bauman once made the most incisive interpretation of the reciprocity of community relations, "In community, we can depend on each other, if we fall down, other people will help us to stand up again, and no one will make fun of us and take pleasure in others' misfortune; if we make mistakes, we can confess, explain, apologize and repent, people will lend an ear to us sympathetically, and nobody will bear grudges; when we are sad, disappointed, in trouble and in need of help, there are always someone holding our hands and trying their best to help us without seeking reward." \hyperref[b17]{[18]} sufficiency of community system adjustment function. Campus policemen, as the main people who provide and guarantee public authority in the community life of campus police mechanism, offer the participating platform for other subjects in the specific operational process of police mechanism. Through this platform, the community of campus police mechanism establishes the adjustment mechanism coordinated with full-time campus security guards and the existing staff of protecting campus inside the system, and actively seek for the way that community members especially the students, patriarch, and teachers in a relatively weak position realize the self-sufficient individual safety. By means of the coordination, integration, communication and arrangement of the new public authority campus policemen, the non-satisfaction generated from the limitation of individual ability and means will turn into the self-sufficiency and independence of community members, and then the self-sufficient adjustment of community system can be realized. Another is the selfsufficiency of community's function of dispute settlement. Though community members of campus police mechanism need to more follow the "nine principles" for achieving cooperation and mutual assistance and getting along well with each other when contacting with others, it does not mean that no dispute or conflict occurs. The inevitable disparate division of labor owing to people's individuality will be bound to result in conflicts among community members once involved with interests balance and resource distribution. For instance, as to the problems related to the dominant right of the police and the education administrative competent department and the decisionmaking power about providing resources of guaranteeing safety, it will easily affect the administrative attribute of community police mechanism or the location of education administrative attribute; while touching upon the problems like the division of securing work of campus policemen with campus guard cadre, full-time campus safety guard and part-time team of protecting campus and the performance assessment of work, it is liable to influence the interests balance of secondary community relations in the community of campus police mechanism. Conflicts will unavoidably lead to the disunited phenomenon that the subjects of community do not coordinate with each other during the working process of protecting campus. Therefore, the dominant status of campus policemen in the public authority of campus police mechanism should be set up, and they can carry out authoritative relation adjustment and interests balance with no need to draw support from external force. Only under the premise that there is no way to solve disputes inside community, the disputes can be settled by means of reconsideration and lawsuit outside community.\par
Via the self-sufficient adjustment of dispute settlement system, the community of campus police mechanism can realize the protection function of the qualification or right for each member to maintain community security affairs, the function of balanced distribution of community related resource interests, the management function for community securing service affairs and the improvement function for campus cultural education products. As the establishment of campus policemen's dominant status in the public authority of campus police mechanism community has preset the agreement of community members, the public authority of community represented by campus policemen won't meet so much resistance in the course of solving disputes. On the contrary, other members of community can determine the basic way of settling disputes by comparing their respective actions and the rules established by the public authority of community represented by campus police, and then enormously lower the adjustment cost, reduce conflicts and risk, enhance settlement efficiency and finally accomplish the self-sufficiency of community's system adjustment function and dispute settlement function. 
\section[{c) The diversity of community category}]{c) The diversity of community category}\par
The community of campus police is, surpassing the divergence between the police and the public rooted in traditional centralized country, both highly centralized and fully free, united in diversity administrative management system of police mechanism, campus securing service system and campus cultural education system of each community member. It is not top-down hierarchical organization of pyramid or pipelining mechanical structure, but interactive compound.\par
Looked from the hierarchical point of view, it includes different levels of communities such as families, schools, communities, non-governmental public organizations and state organs, showing the diversification of form. Seen from the perspective of content, it consists of the administrative, economic, cultural, service and other areas of society, showing the diversity of content. Seen from the aspect of concept, under the premise of pursuing common objective of campus security, the concept of the community is composed of the three parts of traditional campus security practices and conventional morality of campus life and the later and new campus life system rules including security system. From the geographical point of view, the community of campus police mechanism presents different structure form full of local characteristics in the diachronic and synchronic levels due to the discrepancy that different places can give a variety of resources, like the aforementioned diverse innovations of campus police mechanism in the various parts of China. Hence, no matter analyzing in terms of diachronic and synchronic level, or interpreting from the concept and reality level, the community of campus police mechanism both shows numerous and b) The self-sufficiency of community functions\par
The self-sufficiency of community functions is mainly reflected in two aspects. One is the self-the diversified and compound category of this community. 
\section[{V. The Construction Of The Community}]{V. The Construction Of The Community}\par
Of Campus Police Mechanism a) Cultivating the common ethics of campus police mechanism\par
Cultivating the common ethics of campus police mechanism is an important means of realizing the reciprocal community relations of campus police mechanism, and also the major way for all parties' subjects of campus mechanism legal relations to have sense of identity and belonging. The common ethics of campus police mechanism points to the rules and standards that the community members of campus police mechanism should abide by, including codes of behavior, customs and conventions, moral traits, evaluation of good and evil, etc, is the unification of campus human relations order and the police's individual morality cultivation. The common ethics have both the internal and external dimensions: the selfdisciplinary ethics such as adhering to conscience, accepting supervision, honesty and trustworthiness, being honorable, frank and diligent, and hard work; other altruistic ethics like serving for the school, undertaking responsibility, protecting rights and obeying laws. In the process of the implementation of the campus police mechanism, the common ethical standards should be enhanced for ensuring the ethical performance of the community members, and the ethical requests should be institutionalized to form the mechanism of surveillance, cultivatation, evaluation and selection for the common ethics of campus police mechanism.\par
In the common ethics system of campus police mechanism, the common campus security needs must be pointed to properly deal with the reciprocal relationship among the community members, between the community and its members. Common campus security needs are the externalized manifestation of the humanistic spirit in the campus police practice, and the objects campus secures are the life and health of people in campus (especially students in a relatively weak position). Common ethics of campus police mechanism request the community life should be centered on the community members, and the campus security order which fully affirms human value and dignity should be established. We should practically integrate humanistic spirit into the cultivation of the common ethics of campus police mechanism, and regard maintaining social stability, serving for the members of campus police community as the fundamental task and put it into practice.\par
During the implementation process the campus police should change their traditional concept which takes fighting illegal and criminal activities as the principal thing, and cultivate the idea of "combining fight with prevention, but the latter shall be given priority", and furthermore play the role of "server of campus security" well. Other community members also need to transform their idea that attributes fighting against and preventing illegal activities and crimes to just the business of public security organs before, and actively participate in preventing and controlling campus security accidents, and cooperate with the public security organs in the campus activities. Only letting all parties' members of the community have a sense of identity and belonging emotionally and psychologically can provide the necessary premise to build the community of campus police mechanism. b) Establishing the participatory mechanism of many campus security parties\par
The basic guarantee to realize the selfsufficiency of campus police community functions is building the participatory mechanism of many campus security parties, covering the two aspects that the participation of campus policemen and other community members in the campus security.\par
The key to solving the problem that campus policemen join in the campus security lies in the participation quality, not whether participation happens. Campus policemen, as the main suppliers and guarantors of public authority in the community life of campus police mechanism; their involvement in campus security is what campus police mechanism should contain. However, currently the participation quality of campus policemen is uneven due to restrictions of various external conditions; hence the corresponding system guarantee of campus police mechanism should be perfected. Firstly, the basic police forces required by campus police mechanism should be ensured in connection with the status quo of campus security problems in each place. If the campus policemen on duty are exhausted in overloading work owing to lacking the police forces, how can the quality of their participation and even the securing work itself be guaranteed? Therefore, we should actually implement the system which asks for dispatching all existing police forces to grass roots, and set up "grid" equipping pattern and "flat" command system, in order to ensure the overall number of campus policemen reaches the standard. Specifically, we need to further pushing the reform of public security organs, reduce the police forces, replenish and strengthen the police forces in regions of campus police mechanism. We can basically balance the per capita workload of policemen and campus police work by enlarging the scale of existing campus policemen through enrolling policemen. If necessary, other forms of police mechanism like obligatory and private police mechanism can be drawn into ease the dilemma of lacking police forces in present campus policemen's allowance and performance appraisal should be improved so as to guide the campus policemen to actively take part in the campus life related to campus security. We can define campus safety control more from the greatest broad sense, and "the campus policeman like Zhong Guoyin" \hyperref[b18]{[19]} should be approved in system and even risen to the basic duty requirements of campus policemen. Only the wider participation of campus policemen in campus affairs can enhance their affinity and let them obtain much more extensive approval of other community members, and then achieve the characteristic request of "tender image of main members" in the mutual communication of campus police community members.\par
The key to resolving the problem that other community members have a hand in campus safety control is first whether they participate and then is the quality of participation. Open campus police mechanism is the primary precondition to establish the participating platform provided by campus policemen for other subjects in specific police operation process, and is helpful for improving the authority and credibility of campus police. The bulletin system of campus police mechanism must be established and carried out for publicizing campus policemen's responsibilities and tasks, work systems, contact methods, etc. Simultaneously open feedback system of campus police mechanism must be set up so as to make the police mechanism information like work processes, work results, complaint feedback and security situation public, moreover, regular weekly, ten-day and monthly reporting systems of public security, and the systems of resignation and reporting on work also must be established. On the basis of publicized information, we need to integrate other community members to take part in varied resources of campus police mechanism. Furthermore, we can absorb other young, energetic and dedicated community members to participate in all kinds of campus safety control organizations in addition to campus policemen and full-time campus safeguard like "the team of protecting campus", and then the entire joint forces of campus safety control can take shape. 
\section[{c) Enhancing the coordination degree of campus police mechanism}]{c) Enhancing the coordination degree of campus police mechanism}\par
Enhancing the coordination degree of campus police mechanism is the proper meaning of the diversified scope of the campus police mechanism community. We should improve the synthesized level of campus police mechanism, coordinate a variety of available resources in the diversified community scope, clarify the role location and duty demarcation of various forces such as campus policemen, full-time campus safeguard, the administrative departments of school and education, and other relevant police officers, and ultimately construct the cross-industrial and crossdepartmental diversified campus security system led by the government.\par
As far as the role location is concerned, campus policemen are the leaders of campus police mechanism activities who have right to uniformly dispatch and command other places, but must receive unified leading and governance of the public security organs and comply with related provisions of the school where they stay. Full-time campus security safeguards are the specific executors of campus police mechanism activities, accept the definite leading and operation command of campus policemen in their stationed school, and they receive the personnel management of the service company of safety control they stay in, training from the public security organs and the administrative department of education, and performance assessment from campus police and their stationed school. It is school that guarantees and positively participates in campus police mechanism activities, provides all sorts of conveniences and support on the aspects like sites, personnel and materials for carrying out the activities. The administrative department of education is the coordinator, assisting the public security organs with the organization, leading, command and coordination of campus police mechanism work. Other relevant police officers and functional departments are the supporters, cooperating with campus police in dealing with campus security accidents and conducting relevant work of campus police mechanism.\par
In terms of duties demarcation, the main responsibilities of campus police can be defined as: (1) preventing and handling illegal and criminal actions at and around school; (2) collecting, clearing up and reporting police information that affects campus security; (3) coordinating with other policemen to implement police mechanism work at or around school; (4) taking part in and guiding campus safety control work, carrying out the publicity and education of campus security, training to do with campus security accidents. \hyperref[b19]{[20]} The major duties of full-time campus safeguards can be defined as: (1) safeguarding the school entrances and maintaining the normal order there; (2) patrolling, checking safety, monitoring on duty, receiving alarm calls according to the arrangement of the school and campus police; (3) discovering and curbing the illegal and criminal actions in time that take place at school; (4) cooperating with the public security organs to detect and handle campus security accidents;\par
(5) collecting and grasping all kinds of information which exert an influence on teachers and students, and reporting them to school and the public security organs timely.\par
The key responsibilities of the school can be defined as: (1) agreeing campus police to be stationed in school; (2) assisting and urging teachers and April campus police activities. Besides, the systems of students to cooperate with campus police in legally carrying out campus police mechanism work; (3) promptly offering campus policemen the police information which may endanger campus security; (4) actively coordinating with campus police to deal with emergencies; (5) reporting the performance of campus police to the public security organs in accordance with requirements.\par
The primary duties of the administrative department of education can be defined as: (1) urging the elementary and middle schools in areas under the administration to perform all tasks of campus police mechanism work; (2) assisting the public security organs in pre-service and on-the-job training of campus police and full-time campus safeguards; (3) exchanging police information with the public security organs timely; (4) reporting the change of the elementary and middle schools in areas under the administration and the scale of their teachers and students to the public security organs timely.\par
The main duties of other police officers can be defined as: (1) sizing up the public security order in areas around school, and promptly conveying the police information which may endanger campus safety; (2) coordinating with campus police in controlling the important people at school who influence campus security; (3) helping campus police with reporting and handling campus security accidents; (4) strengthening the safety patrol in area around school. Other functional sectors as judicial administration, construction, transportation, fire control, culture, health, business and journalism should also give a hand to the public security organs in promoting the campus police mechanism work.			\footnote{Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XII Issue VII Version I © 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US)} 			\footnote{Aprilcooperation with the public, and then lessen the necessity to use force?} 		 		\backmatter  			  				\begin{bibitemlist}{1}
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